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World History Second Semester > Imperialism > Flashcards

Imperialism Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the acronym MAIN stand for

A

M: Militarism
A: Alliances
I: Imperialism
N: Nationalism

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2
Q

What does the acronym MAIN describe?

A

Activities leading up WWI in 1914

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3
Q

Imperialism

A

Domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

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4
Q

What Big countries were involved in Imperialism?

A

England, France, Spain

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5
Q

What other types of government structures were going on at the time when Imperialism was strong?

A
  • Nationalism created competitive atmospheres for global control.
  • Colonial Empires were created and smaller countries were vulnerable for take over
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6
Q

Industrialization. What happened? What were the results?

A
  • Scientific advancements
  • Economic Growth
  • Politically charged countries
  • Countries in Europe believe they are most advanced-dominate lesser countries
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7
Q

“Old Imperialism”

A

European powers did not usually acquire territory but instead built a series of trading stations (coastal trading centers)

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8
Q

What countries/areas were highly desired and sought after with the New Imperialism?

A

Africa was most sought after but Asia and the Pacific Islands were highly sought after as well.

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9
Q

What countries were the exceptions regarding new territory under “Old Imperialism”? What did they acquire?

A

1) Spain in the Americas

2) Portugal in Brazil

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10
Q

What countries especially participated with Europe regarding trade in the coastal trading centers?

A

India, China, Japan, and Indonesia and Africa

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11
Q

Berlin Conference

A

Countries in Europe discuss how to divide Africa between the countries

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12
Q

What country was the world leader in the 19th century?

A

Britain

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13
Q

Explain:

“The Sun Never Sets on the British Empire”

A

All around the world, Britain had control of the world so there was always a time when the sun shone somewhere on the globe and it was under British control/rule.

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14
Q

Why was governmental exploration in Europe contradictory during the 19th century?

A

At the time, other countries in Europe (besides Britain) were exploring Liberalism, Nationalism, Socialism etc. They were willing to explore those ideas for their own people but contradictory to that, they were not very tolerant of other countries or nations doing it.

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15
Q

What were some of the Economic reasons Europe moved for colonization in the 19th century?

A
  • to find sources for new materials
  • to find sources of cheaper labor
  • to find markets to sell the finished goods
  • to have other areas for their growing population to live (more land)
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16
Q

What were some of the Political reasons Europe moved for colonization in the 19th century?

A

If the territory is expanded, the nation is bigger and more powerful (if done right). With a global empire, the highest levels of global status can be achieved.

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17
Q

What were some of the Military reasons Europe moved for colonization in the 19th century?

A

More naval bases and more citizens willing to fight, makes the Military strong. With a strong military, the interests and people of the country are protected

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18
Q

If a country is strong in areas of Government (Politics), Economic and Military, how do the citizens feel?

A

They have a lot of pride for their country and give it loyalty and respect.

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19
Q

How did Humanitarian behavior improve? In the 19th century under Imperialism?

A

1) MORALS: Their was a spread of values and morals that helped citizens become better people.
2) EDUCATION: educating citizens as a whole became important
3) ENDING SLAVE TRADE
4) PROVIDING MEDICAL CARE

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20
Q

How did Exploratory efforts advance under Imperialism?

A
  • Scientific research expanded and people even began to learn more about their own culture, society and religion
  • People began to have Exploratory Adventures
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21
Q

Why did Imperialism Succeed?

A

-Western Advantages of strong economy, organized government, powerful military, and superior technology

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22
Q

What happened to other nations while European nations were growing.

A

European nations grow stronger while other big powers in the world decline.

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23
Q

What was happening in the Muslim world when Europe was flourishing?

A

The Muslim world declined because the government lost control and their was corruption and religious issues.

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24
Q

What was happening in Africa when Europe was flourishing?

A

In Africa there were wars that under-minded progress they could make.

25
Q

Explain how Europe became more ideological.

A

They believed the Western world was better and they needed to “civilize” others and improve humanity kind of a Social Darwinism. Christianity spread because they felt they should convert others.

26
Q

Explain: “White Man’s Burden”

A

It was what Europe felt was a burden or job of white people. They felt it was their job to make everything better.

27
Q

What was the results of the “tribe against tribe” situation?

A

The “tribe against tribe” weakened those nations and so it made them vulnerable to take over by Europe/West. The African States were not strong enough.

28
Q

What happened in Africa when other countries invaded?

A

Africans tried to resist Europeans by trying to fight back against the colonies. They then tried to reform the colonies and their interaction with them. They even tried to act like the Europeans and change their traditions and practices to be more like Europeans

29
Q

What happened to Ethiopia when European invasions of Africa began?

A

The remained independent by modernizing.

30
Q

What happened to Siam when European invasions of began?

A

They also modernized the country to avoid being conquered.

31
Q

What happened in Canada and Australia?

A

They were granted independence due to a similarity to the west.

32
Q

How was Imperialism’s popularity within the country?

A

People criticized their own government. They saw the hypocrisy of imperialism.

33
Q

How did Imperialism affect the overall wealth of its citizens?

A

Europeans were doing very well financially.

34
Q

Fredrick Lugard

A

British governor of Nigeria. Wrote a book on Justification of Imperialism.

35
Q

What arguments did Lugard’s book make to support Imperialism rule in Nigeria? What type of arguments is he making overall?

A 
) Britain was just using and utilizing resources Africans don’t use
2) Britain adds wealth to the country
3) Britain improves land
4) Britain got rid of Famine 
5) Britain got rid of Disease
6) Britain Ended Slavery
7) Britain provided Education
His arguments were overall Economic and Ideological
36
Q

“Heart of Darkness”

A

Joseph Conrad’s book that depicts the problems in Imperialism. It portrayed the thoughts that Europeans were “civilized” and Africa is the “Heart of Darkness” and the African people were far less “civilized”(even savage) and treated like that.

37
Q

Which type of nation participated more actively in the new Global Economy?

A

Nations that were industrialized dominated the Global Economy

38
Q

What types of trade/goods came from the West?

A

1) Machine made goods
2) Investment Capital
3) Technology

39
Q

What type of trade/goods came from Non-Western sources?

A

1) Agricultural Goods
2) Natural Resources
3) Cheap Labor

40
Q

What areas improved with Modernization under colonial rule?

A
  • Modern Banking System
  • New Technology
  • Modern Communication
  • Modern Transportation
41
Q

What happened to local economy of the countries under colonial rule?

A

African and Asian colonies were forced to supply the West and this disrupted the local economy.

42
Q

What changes did the Imperialist governments have in money economy of colonies?

A
  • Currency (Money) was introduced as a replacement to the former barter system
  • local people were taxed
43
Q

Why did the Imperialist government tax their colonies?

A

They taxed them to pay for the government costs.

44
Q

Could the local people afford the taxes now imposed on them during Colonialization? What did they do?

A

No they could not. Parents had to find more work to pay for the taxes.

45
Q

What happened to family life in the colonies?

A

Parents had to make more money to pay taxes.
Men: left their homes to find more work.
Women: left alone to farm and support their children.
Daughters: Sent away for domestic and textile work (esp. Japan)
This disrupted village life and the family units.

46
Q

How did Mass produced goods hurt the traditional economy?

A

Local textiles, artisans, and handcrafted industries were destroyed and the knowledge of how to do it was lost. The once independent countries were now very dependent on the Imperialist government because they now only had the ability to create the mass produced goods and live in the Imperialist economy.

47
Q

In order to promote Westernization, what type of pressure was placed on the local/native culture?

A

They pressed locals to accept western ways regarding ideas, government, culture, religion, and technology/industry

48
Q

How did the Non-Westerners respond to the pressure they were put under and how did they feel about Westerners.

A

They complied and did as they were told and they accepted the Western attitude of being superior to the point that they even began to believe it.

49
Q

What type of things changed personally for people who were in close contact with people from the West?

A

They learned the language, adopted the manners and culture and they began to wear clothing like the West

50
Q

What role did Missionaries play in the Westernization of Non-Western countries?

A

Missionaries built churches and offered services like education and health care while they converted their religion. They taught them how to live like westerners.

51
Q

How did Imperialism help the goals of the Missionaries?

A

They were able to have an audience receptive to Western ways which made it easier for them to introduce Western religions.

52
Q

What areas were missionaries most successful?

A

They were most successful in areas like South Africa and other places that did not have a set religion.

53
Q

What areas were missionaries not successful?

A

Areas were Islam ,Hinduism, Buddhism and other religions were a standard strong religion in that country prior to them coming.

54
Q

Did the changes made under colonial rule make people entirely like Westerners?

A

No, they adopted some of the new ways but not all so in the end there was a mix of old and new. Colonialism forced people to look at and re-evaluate their traditions.

55
Q

In what ways did the culture of the West change with the colonial involvement with the Non-West?

A
  • Westerners were exposed to foreign goods and things they normally wouldn’t be able to obtain
  • Western Archeologists/Scientists were able to explore the evidence they found of ancient civilizations
  • Western Art becomes influenced by Non-Western Art
  • It began to give the West knowledge of other cultures however, much prejudice remained
56
Q

How was the political environment of Non-Western governments changed by Imperialism?

A

The tribes and kingdoms that once were became under one rule of Imperialism.

57
Q

When did resistance to Imperialism begin? How?

A

By the 1900’s Nationalist groups began to fight for freedom.

58
Q

What happened between Imperial Powers when resistance began? Give an Example.

A

Competition for Imperial Power fueled tension between Western Nations. Ex.
Britain vs. France for Egypt

World History Second Semester (6 decks)

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