Imperial and Colonial Policy - 2

Question 1

How many offices per district were there in the British Raj and why?

Answer 1

3-4 due to the cost of pay and pensions

Question 2

What policy did the Indian Civil Service use?

Answer 2

Divide and rule

Question 3

What did the divide and rule policy emphasise?

Answer 3

The divisions within India based on race, caste, religion, occupation and region, and asserted Britain’s moral authority to reform

Question 4

What division did the British exploit?

Answer 4

The educated Indians and illiterate rural masses

Question 5

What three things did the INC criticise?

Answer 5

1. British trading arrangements
2. Restraints on Indian industry
3. Heavy taxation which Indians were focred to pay to pay the high-earning British civil servants

Question 6

When was the Imperial cadet corps founded and by whom?

Answer 6

1901 by Curzon

Question 7

What did the Imperial Cadet Corps aim to do in India?

Answer 7

Give native princes and elite figures military training and special officer commissions

Question 8

Who introduced the gold standard and why?

Answer 8

Curzon to ensure a stable currency

Question 9

When was the partition of Bengal?

Answer 9

October 1905

Question 10

Who initiated the partition of Bengal

Answer 10

Curzon

Question 11

What was the partition of Bengal?

Answer 11

The decision that Bengal should be divided into two separate provinces

Question 12

Who would be in East Bengal?

Answer 12

A Muslim majority

Question 13

Who would be in West Bengal?

Answer 13

A Hindu majority

Question 14

What were 3 results of the partition?

Answer 14

1. Strikes
2. Protests
3. Boycotts of British made goods

Question 15

Following protests, when was Bengal reunited?

Answer 15

1911

Question 16

What was Egypt regarded as before 1914?

Answer 16

A veiled protectorate with the British running Egyptian affairs and keeping watch over the government

Question 17

Who did Egypt belong to, despite a strong British presence?

Answer 17

Turkey - with the Sultan as the Khedive’’s overlord

Question 18

what controlled Egypt’s finances?

Answer 18

The Caisse de la Detta

Question 19

What was the Caisse de la Detta?

Answer 19

An initiative which saw 50% of Egypts revenue paying European bond holders

Question 20

What role did Baring have to the Khedive?

Answer 20

He was an advisor between 1883-1907

Question 21

How many Brits worked in the government in Egypt by 1905?

Answer 21

1,000

Question 22

What did Baring do to balance Egypts payments and resolve the £70m in debt?

Answer 22

Cut back expenditure on military and bureaucracy

Question 23

What did Baring do for Egyptian labourers?

Answer 23

Improved conditions and introduced better sanitation and health services

Question 24

How many troops did Baring place in the Egyptian army?

Answer 24

6,000

Question 25

What education was Egyptians offered?

Answer 25

A few years of elementary school

Question 26

By the late 1890s, what was growing in Egypt?

Answer 26

A middle-class nationalist movement

Question 27

What fueled middle-class nationalism in Egypt?

Answer 27

Newspapers which attacked the British for failing to deal with the corruption of the Khedive's government and doing little to help the poor

Question 28

What was complained about regarding education in Egypt?

Answer 28

That there was a lack of opportunities for education and for educated Egyptians and it seemed even less likely that Egypt would be able to run their own government

Question 29

In 1913, what replaced the Advisory Council of Laws and General Assembly in Egypt?

Answer 29

The Legislative Assembly

Question 30

How many elected members were a part of the Legislative Assembly?

Answer 30

66

Question 31

How many appointed nominees were a part of the Legislative Assembly?

Answer 31

17

Question 32

Who did the Legislative Assembly represent?

Answer 32

Rich landowners

Question 33

What was occurring between Britain and Germany?

Answer 33

Tension's over territory

Question 34

What conference was held in 1909 and why?

Answer 34

An Imperial Conference was held on defence and the formation of a dominion fleet between Britain and Germany

Question 35

What did Britain accept after the Imperial Conference?

Answer 35

That they couldn't maintain a 'two power standard'

Question 36

What was a 'two power standard'?

Answer 36

Where Britain could match the two next strongest naval powers

Question 37

How much did Britain settle for over Germany's naval fleet?

Answer 37

60% margin over Germany

Question 38

When did Britain withdraw their navy from the Mediterranean?

Answer 38

July 1912 to redeploy it to the North Sea

Question 39

What happened to the army in 1912?

Answer 39

It was remodelled for deployment on the European mainland

Question 40

Who did Britain become reliant on after 1912?

Answer 40

France

Question 41

Why did Britain rely on France after 1912

Answer 41

To protect their Mediterranean interests and naval approaches to Egypt