Impact Of Versailes Settlement Flashcards
When was the peace conference at Versailles?
18th January 1919
What happened on the 20th June 1919?
Coalition cabinet collapsed due to divisions over signing the treaty
How many days were the Germans given to sign the treaty?
7
What did Germans view the treaty as?
A Diktat/dictated peace
How much land did Germany lose in the treaty of Versailles?
13%
What percentage of resources did Germany lose?
75% of Iron ore
68% of Zinc ore
26% of Coal
15% of Arable land
How many troops was the army limited to?
100,000 men
What was the German military forbidden from using?
Tanks
Gas
Submarines
Airplanes
What many sailors was the navy limited to?
15,000
How many battleships was the navy allowed?
6
What was Article 231?
The war guilt clause which made Germany liable to pay reparations
How much did Germany have to pay in reperations?
£6.6 billion
What area was permanently demilitarised?
The Rhineland
What was the Saarland?
An area rich in coal reserves which was controlled by the League of Nations for 15 years
What other terms angered the Germans?
No uniting with Austria
Not allowed to join the League of Nations
Kaiser and others were to be tried for warcrimes
What were the main objections to the treaty focused on?
Self-determination was not granted to Germans
War guilt clause
Reparations
Allied occupation
Disarmament
Who resigned after seeing the terms of the treaty? And who replaced him?
Scheidermann resigned and was replaced by Bauer
What was the reaction of pro-republic parties?
Knew it would rebound on them
Turned moderates away
Started the policy of fulfilment
What was the reaction on the right?
Led many groups to join to overthrow the republic
Labelled Versailles signers November criminals
The army was without blame
What is Dolchstoß?
Myth perpetuated by the right that the army was stabbed in the back
What was the British reaction to the treaty?
Many saw the French as being greedy and vindictive and there was a growing feeling Germany had been treated unfairly. John Keynes argued reparations were too high
What was the French reaction to the treaty?
Many in France regarded the treaty as being too lenient
What was the American reaction to the treaty?
The treaty was unfair on Germany and the republicans failed to ratify the treaty
