Impact of GPW on agriculture and industry complete Flashcards
What fraction did the GPW kill regarding USSR population?
1 in 8
Fourth Five Year Plan?
August 1945- ran by Gosplan- needed to aid economic recovery
Set ambitious targets for industry and agriculture
Where was one third of expenditure from the Fourth FYP to be spent?
Ukraine as this area was important for agriculture and industry
Mining production after GPW?
Running at less than 50% of what it was 1940s level
Electricity and Steel impacts?
Elect- less than 52%
Steel- 45%
When did foreign aid end?
August 1945
USSR 1950?
Fourth FYP had been relatively successful - targets had been equalled and some succeeded- this was due to war reparations, central planning and committed efforts of the Soviet people
Soviet economy ‘rebound effect’?
Economy was resilient, recovered from a long series of disasters
Stats of production under Fourth FYP?
Elect production doubled
Steel went from 12.3 mil tons to 27.3
How was the recovery after WW2 better than that after WW1?
There was improved production of consumer goods and a growth in the living standards
Soviet incomes 1948?
Climbed back to where they were in 1938
Problem of famine 1946-7?
Famine began in parts of the Ukraine and central Russia in July 1946- main cause = shortage of agricultural labourers and lack of machinery- intensified by a huge drought
How did Stalin make the famine worse?
Grain was exported abroad instead of being used to relieve the famine crisis
Problem with military expenditure?
Military spending was 18% of total expenditure, rose to 25% in 1953- due to army increasing to 4.9 million in 1953
Social problem caused by GPW?
Acute housing shortages
How many collective farms were ruined by the GPW?
98,000
How many tractors ruined?
137000
How many pigs and horses were lost?
Horses= 7 million Pigs= 20 million
What percentage was food levels at after the GPW?
60% of 1940 level
What made agricultural production worse?
Lack of workers
Less land under cultivation
1946 driest year since 1891- poor harvest
Impact of Fourth FYP on agriculture?
Brought about some increases but failed to reach its targets
Grain increased from 67 tons - 1947- to 92 tons - 1952- but was still not at 1940 level of 95 tons
How did Stalin hold back reforms in agriculture?
Books were seen as promoting no change in 1952, continue with the regime
