Impact Of Environmental Degredation In The Global South

Question 1

What is the modernisation theory? (2)

Answer 1

Agriculture developed and made a lot of money

European industrial society is pinnacle of state development

Question 2

What are Rostow’s 5 stages economic growth?

Answer 2

Traditional society

Preconditions for take off

Take off

Drive to maturity

High mass consumption

Question 3

What are the policy responses to land distribution?

Answer 3

Policies redistribute land between wealthy and poor people in 60’s and 70’s.

Question 4

What is a modernist view on a farmer on a small plot? (3)

Answer 4

Old farming techniques cause land degradation and decrease productivity

Poor because of too many children and bad techniques

Driving ecological degradation as she overuses: soil, wildlife, forests etc

Question 5

What is a political ecologist view on a farmer on a small plot? (5)

Answer 5

Cash crops are bad for food productivity
Family planning if they want
Poor people moved to decrease productive lands by rich people
Mechanical ploughs 
Children help out on farm

Question 6

What’s the solution to the farmer? (3)

Answer 6

Modern farming techniques
Family planning
Cash chips increase income so she can stop wasting resources and buy them

Question 7

Quote on political ecology and what is the meaning?

Answer 7

All socio political projects are seen as ecological and vice versa (David Harvey 1996:174)

Organisms are being made vulnerable

Question 8

Why at is normative stance?

Answer 8

Empower marginalised groups

Find better ways of living together

(How things should be)

Question 9

What does political ecology focus on?

Answer 9

Power, positionality and hierarchy

Question 10

Land degradation (2)

Answer 10

UNEP say 1/3 people impacted by land degradation

$10.6 trillion lost in ecosystem services

Question 11

Andes (3)

Answer 11

2006-3000m increase in sea level

Each side is a desert or rainforest

Most populated region

Question 12

Verticality at Moray near Cusco Peru (3)

Answer 12

Circles to help and grow

Very advances

Complex terracing prevent erosion to increase water retention

Question 13

3 main issues with the Spanish invasion

Answer 13

Changes in land ownership

Decrease of land conservation practices

Unequal distribution of land

Question 14

Changes in land ownership (2)

Answer 14

Small holdings in Ecuador

Inequality of distribution, if land was bad then people simply moved away.

Question 15

Unequal distribution of land (2)

Answer 15

Small land is inefficient

Poor farmers have little knowledge

Question 16

Decrease in land conservation practices (2)

Answer 16

Population change

Loss of skills

Question 17

What are the 4 effects of land degradation?

Answer 17

Sedimentation of rivers

Decreased quality

Desertification

Forms gullies and gully erosion