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Environmental assessment > Impact Analysis > Flashcards

Impact Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

under BCEAA, who develops the scope and procedures of the EA?

A

EAO

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2
Q

What are the three overlapping stages of the impact analysis?

A
  • Identification
  • Prediction
  • Evaluation
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3
Q

What is used to compare with baseline studies

A

Impact Identification and Prediction- Framed by selected Indices and indicators (Water, air, noise, biodiversity)

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4
Q

What is the goal of impact analysis?

A

To account for all important environmental/project impacts and interactions, including indirect and cumulative effects

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5
Q

When there is a lack of data for impact assessment, what is used instead?

A

Pro judgement

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6
Q

What should be taken into account when choosing a method for an EA? (6)

A
  • Type and size of proposal
  • Other potential options
  • Nature of likely impacts
  • Avail. impact ID methods
  • Experienced EA team w/methods
  • available resources
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7
Q

What are 5 common impact ID methods and thier advantages/ disadvantages?

A
  • Checklists
  • Matrices
  • Networks
  • Overlays
  • GIS and Computer Expert Systems
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8
Q

What is impact prediction?

A

Technical exercise using biological, physical, socio-economic and cultural data to estimate the likely characteristics and parameters of impacts

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9
Q

What is an impact or effect?

A

Change in environmental parameter due to a particular activity. The change is assessed between the environmental parameter with the project compared to without the project

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10
Q

What 9 parameters are typically taken into account in impact prediction and decision making?

A
  1. Nature/Direction (Indirect)
  2. Magnitude (scale)
  3. Geographic extent
  4. timing
  5. Duration
  6. Frequency
  7. Reversibility/resilience
  8. Likelihood of occurrances
  9. Significance
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11
Q

What are 4 methods for predicting impact characteristics?

A
  1. Pro judgement- peer review
  2. Quant. Math models- C&E
  3. Experiments/ models- analyze effects of project
  4. CAse study references
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12
Q

What is uncertainty?

A

The relative confidence in impact predictions, a state of relative knowledge or ignorance

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13
Q

What are 3 sources of uncertainty?

A

Scientific- shifting baseline
Data- incomplete insuff. info
Policy- Unclear disputed objectives, standards, or guidelines for managin potential effects

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14
Q

What are some methods of Addressing uncertainty?

A

Present best&worst cases
Assign CI to predictions
Conduct a sensitivity analysis to assess the effects of incremental changes in impact magnitude

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15
Q

What are 4 main types of social impacts?

A
  1. Demographic- pop change
  2. Cultural- changes to customs, traditions, values
  3. Community- change in social structure, organizations and relationships
  4. Socio-physiological- individual quality of life and well-being
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16
Q

When is social impact assessment required?

A

In areas where projects can displace people whose security and subsistence depend on the land and resources that will be affected

17
Q

What are 3 project related predictiions in economic impact assessments?

A
  1. Changes in employment
  2. Per capita income
  3. Levels of business activity
18
Q

What are 4 factors that affect fiscal impacts

A
  1. Size of invest + workforce
  2. CApacity of existing service delivery and infrastructure
  3. Local/regional tax or other revenue raising processes
  4. Likely demographic changes arising from project req.
19
Q

What is the difference between “As Predicted” impacts and “residual” impacts?

A

AP impacts used to ID mitigation measures to reduce impacts. Residuals are those remaining after mitigation.

20
Q

What are 2 primary categories related to significance in the EA guidelines

A
  1. Emissions-based (standards for air and water quality, noise etc.)
  2. Environmental quality based- Valued ecosystem components, qualitative, broadly drawn
21
Q

What are some references for evaluating significance?

A

Enviro standards, guidelines
Levels of public concern
Scientific and Pro evidence

22
Q

What can have adverse impacts on natural resources and or/ ecological functions

A

Lower species diversity
Reduction/frag of habitat
Degradation of eco integrity, resilience, or health

23
Q

What can have adverse impacts on social systems resulting from biophysical changes?

A
  • Threats to human health/safety
  • Decrease in important species/ resources
  • Loss of cultural, recreational and aesthicically important enviro components
  • Displacement of people
  • disruption of communities by influx of workforce
  • pressure on services, transpo, and infrastructure
24
Q

What factors generally determine significant impacts?

A
  • Impacts over large area
    -Long duration
    -Irreversible impacts
    -high concentrations
    -not in agreement with enviro policies/ land use plans
  • affect eco sensitive areas
    affect lifestyles, traditional activities, and or values of affected communities

Environmental assessment (12 decks)

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