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Immunology > Immunpglobulins/Antibodies > Flashcards

Immunpglobulins/Antibodies Flashcards

Revision

1
Q

Ig/Ab are present in?

A

Ig are present in blood fluid, mucus, extravascular fluid.

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2
Q

Most abundant protein in Blood?

A

Plasma

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3
Q

Most abundant protein in Body?

A

Collagen

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4
Q

Globulin?

A
  1. Major plasma protein after albumin
  2. divided into α, β, γ
  3. α and β are produced in liver.
  4. γ are Ig, produced by Immune cells
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5
Q

Anticoagulant?

A

substance that helps prevent blood clots from forming. It works by inhibiting certain clotting factors in the blood, reducing the ability of the blood to clot.

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6
Q

Types of Anticoagulant

A
  1. Calcium chelator
  2. Non-calcium Chelator
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7
Q

calcium chelator

A
  1. Oxalates
  2. EDTA Tri-sodium citrate
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8
Q

Oxalates

A
  1. Ammonium Oxalates
  2. Potassium Oxalates
  3. Double Oxalates
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9
Q

Non-Calcium Chelator

A
  1. heparin (Natural)
  2. Warfarin (Artificial)
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10
Q

Major Anti-coagulant used for Blood investigation?

A

EDTA

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11
Q

Blooad has —– clotting factors?

A

13

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12
Q

Serum?

A

It is essentially blood plasma without the clotting proteins. Blood serum contains water, electrolytes, antibodies, hormones, and other proteins, but it does not include blood cells or clotting factors.

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13
Q

Serum has 4 missing coagulant factors, those are?

A
  1. Fibrinogen
  2. Pro0thrombin
  3. Proaccelerin
  4. AHF (Anti-hemophilic factor)
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14
Q

Properties of IG?

A
  1. Y shaped structure
  2. 4 polypeptide chain
  3. 2 heavy, 2 light
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15
Q

Ig are responsible for?

A

Recognition and Helps in Neutralisation of incoming pathogen

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16
Q

amio-acid in light chain

A

214 a.a

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17
Q

a.a in heavy chain

A

450 aa

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18
Q

Weight of Light chain

A

25 KDa

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19
Q

weight of Heavy chain

A

50 KDa

20
Q

Antigen is recognised by ?

A

both heavy and light chain

21
Q

CDRs in Bivalent Ig?

A

12

22
Q

Recognition functionality will be lost

A

if heavy and light chain will be separated

23
Q

Igs are highly specific.
True or False?

A

True

24
Q

Whose CDRs play major role in recognition?

A

CDRs of heavy chain

25
Q

Ag-Ab interaction involves?

A

Non-covalent Interaction.

eg: Hydrophobic, Ionic, H-Bond etc.

26
Q

CDRs of Heavy chain are much more variale?

True or False

A

True

27
Q

Types of Immunoglobulin on basis of different sequence of Heavy Chain

A

IgG
IgA
IgM
IgE
IgD

28
Q

different sequence of Light Chain

A

Kappa-60% (K) and Lambda-40%(λ)

29
Q

Constant heavy id dvided into

A

CH1, CH2, CH3, CH4 (each has 100-110 aa)

IgM and IgE has CH1, CH2, CH3, CH4
IgD, IgG and IgA has CH1, CH2, CH3

30
Q

which Ig evolve first?

A

IgM

30
Q

Glycosylation ?

A

Oligosaccharides group attached at CH2 domian

31
Q

Which is reponsible for Stability in Ig Structure?

A

Di-sulfide Bond

32
Q

Glycosylation results in?

A

Increasing the Hydrophilic behaviour
and so is the solubility

33
Q

Hinge

A
  1. present between Ch1 and CH2
  2. has 10-62 aa long
34
Q

Hinge respnsible for?

A

Flexibility

35
Q

aa present at Hinge

A

Order is

Pro>Cys>Lys>Asp

36
Q

Papain
(In-Vitro)

A
  1. Cystein protease- endopeptidase
  2. Cleaves Just above the S-S Bond
  3. 3 Fragments
    2- Fab
    1- Fc
37
Q

Pepsin
(In-Vivo)

A
  1. Present in Stomach
  2. Cleaves just below the S-S Bond

F(ab)2-1
Fc Fragments- Multiple

38
Q

Fab

A

Papain
single Ag Binding site
Molecular weight: 50 KDa
6 CDR
5 S-S Bond
Will not Bind to Ag

39
Q

F(ab)2

A

Pepsin
2 Ag Binding site
Molecular weight: 110 Kda (10 kda of
s-s bond)
12 CDR
7 S-S Bond
will bind to Ag

40
Q

Paratopes?

A

All CDRs of VH and VL. at single Ag Binding site , is combinely referred as Paratope?

41
Q

Role of Constant region?

A
  1. Phagocytosis
  2. Complement System
  3. ADCC (Ab dependent Cell mediated cytotoxicity)
42
Q

what happens when Ag binds to Ab?`

A
  1. Ag-Ab complex change the conformation
  2. Binding sites get exposed @ CH2 and CH3 domain
43
Q

Role of CH2 Domain?

A

Activate the Complement System

44
Q

Role of CH3 Domain?

A

Phagocytosis

45
Q

Molecule that helps in Phagocytosis?

A

Opsulin

46
Q

Complement Mediated killing?

A

Formation of pore in Ag’s outer-wall/cell wall

Immunology (8 decks)

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