Immunomodulators Flashcards
Produce immune cells as means of communication
Cytokines
Coordinate robust response to an antigen to induce an immune response
Cytokines
Cytokines are approved for which diseases?
Kidney cancer
Melanoma
Cytokine caution!
Non-specific, generalized effect, may lead to debilitatinf side effects, may need ICU
Focus on stimulating immune system to identify and destroy cancer that is already in the body
Cancer vaccines
Cancer vaccines…
What directly attacks cancer cells?
CD8+ T cells
Types of cancer vaccines
Dendritic cell vaccines
Peptide vaccines
Genetic vaccines
Prostate cancer vaccine
Sipuleucel T
Harvest APC, infuse PAP attached to GM-CSF
Prostate specific protein
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
Utilize modified effector cells (or lymphocytes) to treat tumors
Adaptive cell therapies
Cells are primed outside of the body, then reinfused to attack the cancer living within
Adaptive cell therapies
Examples of adaptive cell therapies
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes
TCR gene therapy
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell, an adaptive cell therapy, has possible benefit in which two diseases?
ALL
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Caution in CAR T-cell
Cytokine release syndrome
Local therapy
Viral vectors are used to treat cancer through tumor regression
- Viruses replicate in and kill established tumors
- Dying tumors are more easily targeted for eliminstion by the immune system
Oncolytic viruses
Example of oncolytic virus
Talimogene Laherparepvec
- modified HSV 1
- for advanced melanoma
