Immunology Quiz Flashcards
When do typical signs and symptoms begin for anaphylaxis?
5-30 min, the faster they begin, the more severe of an attack
What is biphasic anaphylaxis?
Return of symptoms within 1-72 hours without re-exposure to the allergen
What is an anaphylactoid reaction?
One that does not involve the de granulation of mast cells, I.e. Lesinopril reaction
What are risk factors for anaphylaxis?
Asthma, excema, allergic rhinitis
What are the typical signs/symptoms of anaphylaxis?
Skin- hives, flushing, angioedema
Respiratory- stridor, wheezes, sob
Cardio- artery spasms, tachycardia
Other- loss of bladder, cramps, headache
What are examples of h2 blockers?
Tagmet, zantac
What is the dosage of an Epi pen?
0.3 mg of 1/1000
Why would you give glucagon to an anaphylactic patient?
If the patient is taking a beta blocker or if the Epi has no effect
Why would you give Dopamine to an anaphylactic patient?
In case of fluid administration failing to raise BP
Why are corticosteroids useful for anaphylactic emergencies?
Will not have an immediate effect but will prevent patient from having a late-phase anaphylaxis reaction
What medication is best used for bronchospasms in anaphylaxis?
Albuterol
What is systemic lupus erythematosus?
An autoimmune disease that attacks skin, muscles, bones, blood, heart, lungs, and kidneys. Should be suspected in women of childbearing age who present with fever, rash, and joint pain. Will be sensitive to sunlight and have bloody stools.
What is the worst route of entry for an allergen?
Injection
What is the difference between Benadryl and Tagamet/Zantac for treating anaphylaxis?
Benadryl is a h1 and h2 antagonist meaning it blocks histamine effects on both of these receptor sites. Tagamet and Zantac are only h2 antagonists.
What are the serious manifestations of anaphylaxis?
Heart- dysrhythmias, hypotension, tachycardia. Histamine and leukotrienes work to decrease heart Contractility
Vasculature- widespread dilation
Lungs- dyspnea, wheezes, chest tightness
