Immunology & Physiology of Skin Flashcards
Sensory/mechano receptors in the skin:
Merkel receptor: disk shaped receptor located near the border between epidermis and dermis. Sensing and discriminating light touch and texture
Review:
Review
Mechanoreceptors have ___ gland channels that allow positive ions to flow into the receptor, ____ the receptor, and if the signal is large enough, generates an __ __.
Stretch
Depolarize
Action potential
B
A and C
D
Skin function:
Thermoregulation
Exocrine gland table:
Histology of glands:
Eccrine sweat gland empties directly into skin surface and located all over the body.
Apocrine sweat glands empty into hair follicles. Located in armpits, groin, and nipples
The gland produces ___ and the duct reabsorbs ___ through channels and transporters. Example is the ____ cl- channel.
Sweat
Ions
CFTR
____ gland secretions change over the lifespan.
Sebaceous
Sebaceous glands produce ___, which is an oil secretion of that moisturizes the skin and hair.
Sebum
B
A
Mechanism by which lipid soluble substances, such as some medications, can diffuse into the skin:
Basic overview of how lipid-soluble substances can penetrate the skin:
Lipids will also act as hydrophobic occlusive barriers to prevent water loss from the underlaying skin, the resulting increases hydration of the ___ ____ leads to increased ___.
Stratum corneum
Permeation
___ ___ is a penetration enhancer. The polar head group interacts with the polar groups of the __ __ lipids. The cis double bonds leads to a ___ in the chain, thus leading to increased ___.
Oleic acid
Stratum corneum
Kink
Fluidity
Review ointment versus cream
The ____ determines if the body temperature is normal too high or too cold. It activates involuntary ___ such as blood vessels, sweat, glands, or a skeletal muscles (shivering).
Hypothalamus
Effectors
The ____ permits voluntary behaviors to keep warm such as putting on a sweater or turning on a fan
Cortex
Thermoregulation is ____ feedback.
Negative
3 zones of a burn
Burn depth:
Picture of burn depths:
Picture of burn depth:
The rule of nines is used to assess proportion of the total body surface area, affected by burns, and to help guide immediate treatment decisions:
Widespread burns causes ____ consequences such as ____ shock.
Other types of shock not related to burns.
Systemic
Hypovolemic
Type of shock table:
Hypovolemic shock and disruptive shock
Extensive burns can lead to an inflammatory response throughout the body, which can result in __ ___, which causes the blood vessels to dilate and become leaky, leading to a drop in blood pressure and reduce blood flow to the organs
Distributive shock
E. Dermis
A
D
A
C
D
D. Third degree burn, effects the full thickness of the dermis
