Immunology intro

Question 1

How are the innate and adaptive immune responses interlinked?

Answer 1

-adaptive controls and focuses innate
-innate activates and directs adaptive

Question 2

Innate immunity

Answer 2

-broad specificity of pathogen recognition
-immediate, rapid response

Question 3

Adaptive immunity

Answer 3

-specific
-enhanced by prior contact (memory)
-slow response

Question 4

How does the adaptive immune system recognise infection?

Answer 4

B and T antigen receptors

Question 5

How does the innate immune system recognise infection?

Answer 5

pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognise pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs, eg. LPS, PG)

Question 6

Innate vs adaptive recognition of pathogens

Answer 6

Innate
-small no. PRRs
-better at distinguishing self and non-self
-non-clonal activation
-can damage self

Adaptive
-infinite no. antigen receptors (randomly generated)
-clonal activation
-target immune response

Question 7

Primary vs secondary lymphoid tissue

Answer 7

Primary (bone marrow, thymus) = where lymphocytes mature by acquiring receptors

Secondary (lymph nodes, intestine, spleen, etc) = where mature lymphocytes are stimulated by antigen and respond

Question 8

Naive lymphocytes

Answer 8

matured lymphocytes before they make contact with antigen
-move around blood and lymphatic system