Immunology

Question 1

How is type 1 diabetes, arthritis, crown’s disease and multiple sclerosis all related?

Answer 1

all autoimmune diseases

Question 2

What are hypersensitive reactions?

Answer 2

overreaction of the adaptive immune response e.g allergy

Question 3

grave’s disease

Answer 3

autoimmune hyperthyroidism
involves B-cell “over-activation”
produces antibodies that mimic the action of TSH, leading to uncontrolled hyperthyroidism

Question 4

HIV infection

Answer 4

HIV virus has an antigen on its surface called gp120
CD4 forms receptor for this antigen
Virus injects its RNA and reverse transcriptase into the cell and forces the cell to make viral genes

Question 5

When do autoimmune diseases occur?

Answer 5

when self tolerance against a body antigen is broken

Question 6

If tolerance development fails, what can you develop?

Answer 6

lactate allergy
asthma
antibiotic allergy

Question 7

What is a non-organ specific autoimmune condition?

Answer 7

Systemic lupus erythematosus - SLE