Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Phisiology > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Do lymphocytes contain granules?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Do non-lymphocytes contain granules?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lymphocytes are part of the…

A

adaptive immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Non-lymphocytes are part of the…

A

Innative immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Never let monkeys eat bananas

A 
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
monocytes
eosinophils
basophils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two important types of lymphocytes?

A

B cells

T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the main difference between macrophages and neutrophils?

A

Macrophages can phagocyte many pathogens before dying unlike neutrophils (kamikaze)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the role and importance of dendritic cells?

A

Unlike other antigen presenting cells they can activate resting t cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most abundant white cells in the blood

A

Neutrophils (never let monkeys eat bananas!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are neutrophils called because of their nucleus ?

A

Polymorphs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Do macrophages present antigen(mac) ?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the role of mast cells?

A

Release granules that contain histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of Natural killer cells?

A

Destroying infected cells where the pathogen is . They can also target and kill tumour cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do T cells do specifically?

A

When activated by a class-2-Mhc they get activated and start releasing cytokines which attract and activate other T cells. The activated T cell start s reproducing and differentiating into t-helper, t-memory…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do T-helper cells do?

A

They activate B cells which in turn produce antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is humeral immunity mainly focused on?

A

On killing extracellular organisms

17
Q

What is cell-mediated immunity focused on?

A

Killing already infected cells

18
Q

Is complement part of innate or adaptive immune system?

A

innate

19
Q

Characteristics of adaptive immune system

A
  1. Highly specific response
  2. Memory of previous encounters
  3. Resistance improved by repeated contact
20
Q

Which organs make up the primary lymphoid organs?

A

Thymus and Spleen

21
Q

What is encapsulated secondary lymphoid tissue made of?

A

It is made of lymph nodes

22
Q

What do lymph nodes contain?

A

They contain leukocytes

23
Q

How do cytokines cause temperature rise?

A

Cytokines like TNF-alpha induce production of prostaglandin E2 which with histamine, serotonin stimulate vasodilation so that plasma can be filtered in the infected zone causing edema

24
Q

Stages of extravasation

A
  1. Rolling
  2. Capture
  3. Adhesion
  4. Spreading
  5. Extravasation
25
Q

Roles of complement

A
  1. Lysis

2. Opsonization and chemotaxis

26
Q

How do t-cells cooperate to kill an infected self cell?

A

Macrophages digest viruses and expose a part of those virus in a class2 MHC. This is recognised by a Helper T cell which produces cytokines that will help the Killer-t cells. The infected cell exposes class1 MHC which is recognised by Killer T cells to cytotoxic T cells that kill it

27
Q

How do t-cells make antibodies?

A

They recognise the class 2 MHC on the surface of macrophage coming from a pathogen and they therefore activate a B cell which can either become a memory cell or be activated and become a plasma cell

28
Q

What is ADCC

A

Antibody dependent citotoxicity

29
Q

Types of antibodies and their roles

A
  1. IgG - most common one, in blood mostly
  2. IgA- protects parts of body exposed to outside world
  3. IgM- first response to new pathogen
  4. IgE- responsible for parasitic response and allergies
30
Q

How does allergic response begin?

A

When IgE crosslinks with allergen on surface of a mast cell

31
Q

What type of immunodeficiency is inherited?

A

Primary

32
Q

What type of immunodeficiency is acquired?

A

Secondary

Human Phisiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions