Dr natali Fili

Question 1

Name tissues and organs systems of the body

Answer 1

Tissues:

• connective
• epithelial
• muscular
• neural

Organ systems:

• integumentary
• musculoskeletal
• cardiovascular
• digestive
• reproductive
• immune
• endocrine
• nervous
• respiratory
• urinary

Question 2

Components of Extracellular matrix

Answer 2

Insoluble proteins like : collagen, fibrin, laminin

Proteoglycans

Question 3

Types of cell junctions

Answer 3

1. Adhesion (anchoring) junctions
2. Tight Junctions
3. Gap junctions

Question 4

Types of Adhesion Junctions

Answer 4

1. Adherens (cell to cell)
2. Desmosome (cell to cell)
3. Hemidesmosomes ( cell to ECM)
4. Focal adhesion (cell to ECM)

Question 5

Types of Cell Adhesion Molecules ( CAMs)

Answer 5

• Cadherin (cell to cell)

- Integrin ( cell to Ecm proteins)

Question 6

Types of Epithelium

Answer 6

1. Exchange
2. Transport
3. Ciliated
4. Protective
5. Secretory

Question 7

Types of Connective tissue

Answer 7

1. Fibrous ( loose - adipose / dense - irregular and regular
2. Supportive ( bone/cartilage)
3. Fluid (blood/lymph)

Question 8

Tests for cystic fibrosis

Answer 8

1. Sweat test and chloride ion concentration

2. Trypsin levels in pancreas ( only first months)

Question 9

Cystic Fibrosis gene

Answer 9

CFTR - Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator

Question 10

Dystrophy cause

Answer 10

Mutations in gene encoding for dystrophin.
Dystrophin link actin filaments to proteins in cell membrane.
Lack of support of muscle cells leads to their rupture and death.

Question 11

Lysosomal Storage Diseases examples and causes

Answer 11

Occurs when enzymes destined to the lysosome are not produced or not delivered to this organelle leading to accumulation of enzymes’ substrates in the organelle which causes malfunction

1. Gaucher’s disease
2. Inclusion cell diseases ( defects in production of phosphotransferase which tags enzymes transported in lysosome)