Immunology Flashcards
Compare the speed, memory, specificity of Innate vs Adaptive Immune System?
Speed:
- Innate: fast 0-12 hrs
- Adaptive: slower 1-5 days intial up to 2 weeks
Memory:
- Innate: no memory response, equal potency each time
- Adpative: memory response, faster and more specfic
Specficity:
- In: More general: shared molecular patterns or DAMPs
- Adaptive: highly specifc recog of antigens
Cellular Componets of the Innate Immune system?
NK, Neutrophils, Monocytes (Dendritc and Macrophages), Basophils and Eosinphils.
Cellular Components of the Adaptive Immune System?
B-Cells (Memory or Plasma)
T-cells (Cd4, Cd8, NKT) - activated or memory.
What are Beta and Alpha defensins and where are they found?
They are part of the innate immune system and intercate with bacterial DNA.
Beta = respiratory tract
Alpha = Gut
How to Commensals protect agaisnt infection?
Directly:
- Production of toxic metabolites or antibiotics
- Compete fro binding sites in GI epithelium
- Induction of baseline level of antibac compounds by interacting with PAMPs = tickling of immune system
Indirectly:
- Control develop and stimulation of MALT through PAMP interactions
Describe the receptors, PAMPs and outcome of innate immune system activation at Mucosal epithelia:
Receptor: TLRs and NLRs
PAMP: Peptioglycan, LPS and Flagelin
Outcome: Production of antimicrobial peptides
Name three key inflammatory cytokines and basic action?
IL-1 - activate vascular endothelium
TNF-a- increase cell migration and activate endothelium
IL-6 - actue phase proteins
ALso they travel to CNS to induce a fever. By Prostaglandin production
Antiviral Cyotkine released by macrophages?
IFN- alpha
Stimulatory cytokines produce my machrophages?
IL-12 (T-cells and NK cells)
GM-CSF (myeloid cell production)
What do macrophages release to recruit other immune cells in acute phase?
CXCL8 (IL-8) acts mainly to recruit neutrophils
Suppressive cytokines released by macrophages?
IL-10
TGF-Beta
