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Step 1 Drugs > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Cyclosporine

A

Immunosuppressant
MOA: Calcineruin inhibitor (decreased NFAT transcription factor)
Binds cyclophilin
Blocks T cell activation by preventing IL-2 TRANSCRIPTION

Use: transplant rejection prophylaxis, psoriasis, rehumatoid arthritis

Toxicity: NEPRHOTOXICITY, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, tremor, hirstutism, gingival hyperplasia

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2
Q

Tacrolimus

A

Immunosuppresant
MOA: calcineurin inhibitor (decreased NFAT transcription factor)
Binds FK506 binding protein
Blocks T cell activation preventing IL-2 TRANSCRIPTION

Use: transplant rejection prophylaxis

Toxicity: NEPHROTOXICITY, increased risk of diabetes, tremor, hyperlipidemia

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3
Q

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

A

Immunosuppresant
MOA: mTOR inhibitor
Binds FKBP
Blocks T cell and B cell differentiation blocking IL-2 SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

Use: kidney transplant rejection prophylaxis

Toxicity: anemia, thromobocytopenia, leukopenia, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia,
not nephrotoxic!

Synergistic with cyclosporine
Used in drug eluting stents

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4
Q

Basiliximab

A

Immunosupppresant
Monoclonal Ab blocks Il-2R

Use: kidney transplant rejection prophylaxis

Toxicity: edema, hypertension, tremor

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5
Q

Azathioprine

A

Immunosuppressant
MOA: antimetabolite precursor of 6-mercaptopurine
Inhibits lymphocyte proliferation by blocking nucloetide synthesis

Use: transplant rejection prophylaxis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, glomerulonephritis, other autoimmune conditions

Toxicity: luekopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia

Degraded by xanthine oxidase, increased toxicity by allopurinol

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6
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Immunosuppresant
MOA: inihibit NF-kB
Suppress both B and T cell function by decreasing transcription of many cytokines

Use: transplant rejection prophylaxis, many autoimmune disorders, inflammation

Toxicity: hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, central obesity, muscle breakdown, psychosis, acne, hypertension, cataracts, peptic ulcers

Can cause Cushing syndrome

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7
Q

Epoetin alfa

A

Erythropoetin recombinant cytokine

Used in anemias especially renal failure

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8
Q

Thrombopoietin

A

Recombinant cytokine

Used in thrombocytopenia

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9
Q

Oprelvekin

A

Recombinant IL-11

Used in thrombocytopenia

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10
Q

Filgrastim

A

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor recombinant cytokine

Recovery of bone marrow

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11
Q

Saregramostim

A

Granulcoyte macrophage colony stimulating factor

Recovery of bone marrow

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12
Q

Aldesleukin

A

Recombinant IL-2

Used in Renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma

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13
Q

IFN-a

A

Recombinant Cytokine
Used in chronic hepatitis B and C, Kaposi Sarcoma, hairy cell leukemia, condyloma acuminautum, renal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma

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14
Q

IFN-B

A

Recombinant Cytokine

Multiple Sclerosis

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15
Q

IFN-y

A

Recombinant Cytokine

Chronic Granulomatous disease

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16
Q

Alemtuzumab

A

Targets CD52

Clinical: CLL

17
Q

Bevacizumab

A

Target VEGF

Clinical: colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma

18
Q

Cetuximab

A

Target EGFR

Clinical: stage IV colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer

19
Q

Rituximab

A

Target CD20

Clinical: B cell non Hodgkin lymphoma, Rheumatoid arthritis (with MTX), ITP

20
Q

Trastuzumab

A

Target Her2/neu

Clinical: Breast Cancer, gastric cancer

21
Q

Infliximab, adalimumab

A

Target: TNF-a

Clinical: IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis

22
Q

natalizumab

A

Target: a4-integrin (leukocyte adhesion)

Clinical: mutlpe sclerosis, Crohn disease

Risk of PML patients with JC virus

23
Q

Abciximab

A

Target: glycoprotein IIb/IIIa

Clinical: anti-platelet agent for prevention of ischemic complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

24
Q

Denosumab

A

Target: RANK-L

clinical: osteoporosis, inhibits ostoeclast maturation

25
Q

Digoxin immune Fab

A

target: digoxin

Clinical: digoxin toxicity

26
Q

Omalizumab

A

Target: IgE

Clinical: allergic asthma, prevents IgE binding to FCERi

27
Q

Palivizumab

A

Target: RSV F protein

Clinical: prophylaxis for high-risk infants

28
Q

Muromonab

A

Target: CD3

Clinical: inhibit T-lymphocytes,
Treats acute rejection patients with kidney, heart and liver transplants

Step 1 Drugs (15 decks)

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