Immunology

Question 1

Innate immune system, starts as monocyte, presents Ag to T CELLS

Answer 1

macrophage

Question 2

innate immune system, can inactivate pathogens

Answer 2

Natural killer cells

Question 3

adaptive immune system, trillions, 3 main types (killer, helper, regulatory)

Answer 3

T cells

Question 4

adaptive immune system, kills virus infected cells w/w/o Ab –> triggers target cells commit suicde

Answer 4

Killer T Cells

Question 5

adaptive immune system, help in Ag recognition and regulation (helper and suppressor), secretes protein molecule called cytokines (IL2, INFgamma), activates helper and killer T cells and kills pathogen or tumor cell

Answer 5

Helper T Cells

Question 6

adaptive immune system, helps other T cells keep “under control”

Answer 6

Regulatory T Cells

Question 7

target (viral protein) of Ab and T Cells

Answer 7

antigen

Question 8

present Ag for T cells to see

Answer 8

histocompatibility complex protein

Question 9

found on surface of most cells in body, inform killer T cells whats going on inside other cells

Answer 9

class I histocompatibility complex protein

Question 10

made by Ag presenting cells, informs helper T cells problems exist OUTSIDE of cells

Answer 10

class II histocompatibility complex protein

Question 11

doesnt kill anything, plants “kiss of death” on an invader (tags it)

Answer 11

antibody

Question 12

prepare to eat

Answer 12

opsonization

Question 13

can dock on a virus that is still outside the cell and tag it to die

Answer 13

neutralizing antibodies

Question 14

20 different proteins (made by liver) working together to destroy invaders/signal immune system players “attack” is on

Answer 14

complement system

Question 15

complement system pathway that depends on Abs for activation

Answer 15

classical

Question 16

complement system pathway that is Ab independent

Answer 16

alternative

Question 17

complement system pathway where mannose binds lectin which binds carb molecule which binds on pathogens

Answer 17

lectin activation path

Question 18

immediate hypersensitivity

Answer 18

Type I

Question 19

antibody mediated hypersensitivity

Answer 19

Type II

Question 20

immune complex mediated hypersensitivity

Answer 20

Type III

Question 21

T cell mediated hypersensitivity

Answer 21

Type IV

Question 22

hypersensitivity, IgE, mast cells, basophils, allergic mediators

Answer 22

type I immediate

Question 23

hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, hay fever, asthma

Answer 23

type I immediate

Question 24

hypersensitivity, IgG, IgM cause cell lysis (some autoimmune diseases)

Answer 24

type II Ab mediated

Question 25

hypersensitivity, blood group incompatibility, pernicious anemia, myasthenia gravis

Answer 25

type II Ab mediated

Question 26

hypersensitivity, IgG, Ab-mediated inflammation (some autoimmune diseases) SLE, RA, serum sickness, rheumatic fever

Answer 26

type III immune complex mediated

Question 27

hypersensitivity, delayed, infections, dermatitis, graft rejections

Answer 27

type IV T cell mediated

Question 28

caused by proteins from mold or plant spres

Answer 28

hay fever

Question 29

caused by dust mites, cockroaches, rodents and household pets

Answer 29

asthma

Question 30

autoimmune disease, self reactive lymphocytes repeatedly stimulated, swollen lymph nodes

Answer 30

canale smith syndrome

Question 31

autoimmune disease, organ specific immune disease - B cells target

Answer 31

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Question 32

autoimmune disease, self reactive Abs bind to receptors for ACh (NT)

Answer 32

myasthenia gravis

Question 33

autoimmune disease, CNS, self reactive T cells, myelin sheaths destroyed. Macrophages recruited by cytokines secreted by T cells. Activated T cells can cross blood brain barrier

Answer 33

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 34

autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation joints. IgG-IgM Ab activates macrophages. Increased inflammatory reaction (Type III HS)

Answer 34

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Question 35

autoimmune disease, affects 250,000 people in US (90% women). Red facial rash (MALAR) inflammation of lungs, arthritis, kidney damage, hair loss, paralysis & convulsions. Caused by breakdown B and T cells that make IgG Abs

Answer 35

Lupus Erythematous

Question 36

Immunodeficiency disease, THYMIC tissue missing. Susceptible to life threatening infections. No T cells

Answer 36

DiGeorge syndrome

Question 37

Immunodeficiency disease, no T or B celsl

Answer 37

severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome

Question 38

Immunodeficiency disease, once infected will acquire immunodeficiencies. Pneumocystis carinii. Kaposis sarcoma, targets helper T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells

Answer 38

AIDS

Question 39

designed not to infect recipient. Salk treated polio virus with formaldehyde to KILL virus

Answer 39

non infectious vaccine

Question 40

Weakened form of a microbe. Most vaccines (MMR) produce memory killer T cells (immunodepressed cannot tolerate)

Answer 40

attenuated vaccine

Question 41

genetically engineered. introduces a single gene from pathogenic microbe into virus. "trojan horse" doesnt cause disease

Answer 41

carrier vaccine

Question 42

inject a piece of DNA which has virus gene

Answer 42

DNA vaccine

Question 43

type of immunity: live (attenuated) or killed viruses

Answer 43

active immunity

Question 44

type of immunity: occurs naturally. mothers milk, administer (inject) preformed Abs in immune globulins

Answer 44

passive immunity

Question 45

type of immunity: both immune globulins (aka immunoglobulins, gamma globulins) and vaccine

Answer 45

passive-active immunity