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Part 1 Boards Microbiology > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Innate immune system, starts as monocyte, presents Ag to T CELLS

A

macrophage

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2
Q

innate immune system, can inactivate pathogens

A

Natural killer cells

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3
Q

adaptive immune system, trillions, 3 main types (killer, helper, regulatory)

A

T cells

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4
Q

adaptive immune system, kills virus infected cells w/w/o Ab –> triggers target cells commit suicde

A

Killer T Cells

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5
Q

adaptive immune system, help in Ag recognition and regulation (helper and suppressor), secretes protein molecule called cytokines (IL2, INFgamma), activates helper and killer T cells and kills pathogen or tumor cell

A

Helper T Cells

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6
Q

adaptive immune system, helps other T cells keep “under control”

A

Regulatory T Cells

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7
Q

target (viral protein) of Ab and T Cells

A

antigen

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8
Q

present Ag for T cells to see

A

histocompatibility complex protein

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9
Q

found on surface of most cells in body, inform killer T cells whats going on inside other cells

A

class I histocompatibility complex protein

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10
Q

made by Ag presenting cells, informs helper T cells problems exist OUTSIDE of cells

A

class II histocompatibility complex protein

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11
Q

doesnt kill anything, plants “kiss of death” on an invader (tags it)

A

antibody

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12
Q

prepare to eat

A

opsonization

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13
Q

can dock on a virus that is still outside the cell and tag it to die

A

neutralizing antibodies

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14
Q

20 different proteins (made by liver) working together to destroy invaders/signal immune system players “attack” is on

A

complement system

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15
Q

complement system pathway that depends on Abs for activation

A

classical

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16
Q

complement system pathway that is Ab independent

A

alternative

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17
Q

complement system pathway where mannose binds lectin which binds carb molecule which binds on pathogens

A

lectin activation path

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18
Q

immediate hypersensitivity

A

Type I

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19
Q

antibody mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type II

20
Q

immune complex mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type III

21
Q

T cell mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type IV

22
Q

hypersensitivity, IgE, mast cells, basophils, allergic mediators

A

type I immediate

23
Q

hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, hay fever, asthma

A

type I immediate

24
Q

hypersensitivity, IgG, IgM cause cell lysis (some autoimmune diseases)

A

type II Ab mediated

25
Q

hypersensitivity, blood group incompatibility, pernicious anemia, myasthenia gravis

A

type II Ab mediated

26
Q

hypersensitivity, IgG, Ab-mediated inflammation (some autoimmune diseases) SLE, RA, serum sickness, rheumatic fever

A

type III immune complex mediated

27
Q

hypersensitivity, delayed, infections, dermatitis, graft rejections

A

type IV T cell mediated

28
Q

caused by proteins from mold or plant spres

A

hay fever

29
Q

caused by dust mites, cockroaches, rodents and household pets

A

asthma

30
Q

autoimmune disease, self reactive lymphocytes repeatedly stimulated, swollen lymph nodes

A

canale smith syndrome

31
Q

autoimmune disease, organ specific immune disease - B cells target

A

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

32
Q

autoimmune disease, self reactive Abs bind to receptors for ACh (NT)

A

myasthenia gravis

33
Q

autoimmune disease, CNS, self reactive T cells, myelin sheaths destroyed. Macrophages recruited by cytokines secreted by T cells. Activated T cells can cross blood brain barrier

A

Multiple Sclerosis

34
Q

autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation joints. IgG-IgM Ab activates macrophages. Increased inflammatory reaction (Type III HS)

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

35
Q

autoimmune disease, affects 250,000 people in US (90% women). Red facial rash (MALAR) inflammation of lungs, arthritis, kidney damage, hair loss, paralysis & convulsions. Caused by breakdown B and T cells that make IgG Abs

A

Lupus Erythematous

36
Q

Immunodeficiency disease, THYMIC tissue missing. Susceptible to life threatening infections. No T cells

A

DiGeorge syndrome

37
Q

Immunodeficiency disease, no T or B celsl

A

severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome

38
Q

Immunodeficiency disease, once infected will acquire immunodeficiencies. Pneumocystis carinii. Kaposis sarcoma, targets helper T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells

A

AIDS

39
Q

designed not to infect recipient. Salk treated polio virus with formaldehyde to KILL virus

A

non infectious vaccine

40
Q

Weakened form of a microbe. Most vaccines (MMR) produce memory killer T cells (immunodepressed cannot tolerate)

A

attenuated vaccine

41
Q

genetically engineered. introduces a single gene from pathogenic microbe into virus. “trojan horse” doesnt cause disease

A

carrier vaccine

42
Q

inject a piece of DNA which has virus gene

A

DNA vaccine

43
Q

type of immunity: live (attenuated) or killed viruses

A

active immunity

44
Q

type of immunity: occurs naturally. mothers milk, administer (inject) preformed Abs in immune globulins

A

passive immunity

45
Q

type of immunity: both immune globulins (aka immunoglobulins, gamma globulins) and vaccine

A

passive-active immunity

Part 1 Boards Microbiology (7 decks)

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