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Med/Surg III Test 2 > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

0
Q

Lymphoid stem cell ->

A

Lymphocytes

  • B cell progenitor
  • T cell progenitor
  • Natural killer cell
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1
Q

Stem cell ->

A

Lymphoid stem cell

Myeloid progenitor

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2
Q

Myeloid progenitor ->

A

Granulocytes

  • neutrophil
  • eosinophil
  • basophil
  • mast cell
  • monocyte
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3
Q

B cell progenitor ->

A

B cell

Memory cell

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4
Q

T cell progenitor ->

A

Th cell

Tc cell

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5
Q

Monocyte ->

A

Dendritic cell

Macrophage

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6
Q

Natural killer cells - target

A

Infected cells

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7
Q

Natural killer cells - role

A

To kill cells that appear to be abnormal

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8
Q

Macrophages - target

A

Anything they find in their path

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9
Q

Macrophages - role

A

Ingest harmful microorganisms

Activate TH1 and TH2

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10
Q

Tc - target

A

Infected cell

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11
Q

Tc - role

A

Kill infected cells

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12
Q

TH1 - target

A

Infected cell

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13
Q

TH1 - role

A

Activate Tc cell

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14
Q

TH2 - target

A

Infected cell

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15
Q

TH2 - role

A

Activate B cells

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16
Q

B cells - target

A

Microorganisms and infected cells

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17
Q

B cells - role

A

Secrete antibodies

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18
Q

Antibodies - 2 major regions

A

Variable region

Constant region

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19
Q

Antibodies - variable region

A

Binds to the antigen

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20
Q

The variable region of the antibody binds to the ___________ of an antigen

A

Epitope

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21
Q

Forms of immunity

A

Antibody mediated

Cell mediated

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22
Q

Antibody mediated immunity

A

TH2 cells activate the B cells

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23
Q

TH2 cells release __________ to ______________________.

A

Cytokines; activate the B cells

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24
Cell mediated immunity
Macrophages activate the TH1 cells which activate the Tc cells.
25
Macrophages release ___________ to activate the _____________.
Cytokines; TH1 cells
26
TH1 cells release ____________ to activate the ________________.
Cytokines; Tc cells
27
MHC stands for
Major Histocompatibility Complex
28
MHC are __________ found where?
Proteins; every cell of the body
29
MHC do what? This relates to what?
Allow Tc and TH cells to distinguish between self and non-self. Autoimmune disease
30
MHC class I go with
Cytotoxic T (Tc) cells
31
MHC class II go with
Helper T (TH) cells
32
Autoimmune disease - definition
Failure of antibodies and T cells to recognize "self"
33
True/False - diabetes type I is an autoimmune disease
True
34
True/False - diabetes type II is an autoimmune disease
False
35
True/False - Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease
True
36
True/False - Osteoarthritis is an autoimmune disease
False
37
What type of disease is Osteoarthritis?
Mechanical (non inflammatory)
38
Fever is associated with ___________ disorders
Inflammatory
39
Locking or instability is associated with __________ disorders.
Non inflammatory
40
True/False - Inflammation is associated with OA
False
41
True/False - Inflammation is associated with RA
True
42
_________ arthritis is often a multi-system disease while ________ arthritis is not.
Rheumatoid; osteo
43
True/False - Tenderness is common in pts with OA. If true, where?
False
44
True/False - Tenderness is common in pts with RA. If true, where?
True over the entire exposed joint area
45
Morning stiffness is __________ and __________ in pts with OA.
Focal; brief
46
Morning stiffness is __________ and __________ in pts with RA.
Significant; prolonged >1 hr
47
In pts with OA, there is a peak period of discomfort after _____________.
Prolonged use
48
In pts with RA, there is a peak period of discomfort after _____________.
Prolonged inactivity
49
Symmetrical (bilateral) symptoms are occasional in _______ and common in _______.
OA; RA
50
True/False - Lab abnormalities are often seen in pts with OA.
False
51
True/False - Lab abnormalities are often seen in pts with RA.
True
52
C-reactive protein (CRP)
Marker for inflammation
53
CRP is released by the _________.
Liver
54
If the body detects inflammation, the ________ releases _________ and _________.
Liver; CRP; fibrinogen
55
Fibrinogen
Sticky
56
ESR stands for
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
57
More inflammation = sticky cells = _______________
Faster ESR
58
More inflammation = _____________ = faster ESR
Sticky cells
59
_______________ = sticky cells = faster ESR
More inflammation
60
_____________=_____________=____________
More inflammation = sticky cells = faster ESR
61
More inflammation =_____________=____________
Sticky cells; faster ESR
62
_____________= Sticky cells =____________
More inflammation; faster ESR
63
_____________=_____________= Faster ESR
More inflammation; sticky cells
64
What is done to confirm the presence of bony structural changes?
Imaging studies
65
Types of imaging studies
``` Radiographs CT Bone scan DEXA scan MRI ```
66
CT stands for
Computed tomography
67
A DEXA scan looks at
Bone density
68
MRI stands for
Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Med/Surg III Test 2 (5 decks)

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