Immunoassays Flashcards
What test indicates the presence of the organism in the specimen?
Antigen Detection Test
- Requires specific antibodies
What test indicates the host responses to the organism?
Antibody and Cytokine Detection Test
True or False: Antigen and Antibody/Cytokine Detection Tests are always retrospective to some extent?
True
What is the difference between antigen vs. epitope
An epitope is the part of an antigen where the antibodies bind.
What are examples of antigen detection tests?
- Direct Fluorescence Microscopy Assay (DFA)
- Rapid Strep Test
- Staph Aureus Agglutination Test
Immunoassays such as ELISA can be built to detect
Serum Antigen or Serum Antibody
True or False: All infections result in antibody production.
False
Is Serology An Antigen or Antibody Detection Assay?
Antibody
What type of test would have a higher limit of detection?
Less sensitive test
What type of test would have a lower limit of detection?
More sensitive test
How can you distinguish more recent from longer-standing infection with an antibody detection test?
Through antibody affinity maturation
*Early antibodies would have lower affinity than later antibodies.
What is population-based measure of exposure?
Seroprevalence
What does seroprevalence tell you?
% of people tested with detectable antibody to a pathogen in question.
*Think of COVID
What are examples of T-cell based assays?
- TB Skin Test (TS)
2. Interferon y Release Assay (IGRA)
What does TB skin test detect or look for?
The test detects cellular responses to a substance known as Purified Protein Derivate (PPD).
