Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

immuno > IMMUNO LECTURE 1 > Flashcards

IMMUNO LECTURE 1 Flashcards

1
Q

define immunity

A

free from burden of infectious disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define immunology

A

study of host defense against infections disease and neoplasm and the undesirable consequesces of immune interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is innate immunity

A

the 1st line of defense again muicroorganisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is adaptive immunity

A

composed of anitubyband cell mediated imminity specifid immune response agains antigens, exhibits immunologic memory faster and more vigorous secondary immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the two arms of immunity

A

innate and adaptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how specific are adaptive immunie responses

A

exquisitely specific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how does adaptive immunity work on a general term

A

immune responses are generated toward determinants or epitopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how is specificty in adaptive immunity due to what

A

to lymphocytes having cell membrane receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

each lymphocyte has how many specificities

A

just one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are eptiope

A

differnte parts of the antigen that antibodies responde to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what happends the secound time you are exposed to a disease

A

its faster and more vigorous in the immune response to re exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what causes the re exposure resposne

A

memory cells remembering the same antigen and attacking it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

about how many antigens can we respond to

A

at least a billion maybe 10 billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how is diversity achieved in adaptive immunity

A

due to the expression of cell surface receptors that can react with divers numbers of antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happends adaptive immunity over time

A

they abate with time due to removal of antigen , death of activated lymphocytes and regulatory immune mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does discrimination of self vs non self mean

A

that the immune system is directed to attack foreign bodies and not your own body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how does the body discriminate self from non self

A

the body will destroy the Self attacking immune cells excdpt in autoimmunne disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

name some physical barriers

A

skin tears stomach saliva stomach saliva mucus can help prevent infections from developing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the first form of immunity to be activated

A

innate immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

does innate immunity behave different for different pathogens

A

no same response every time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are the characterists of innate immunity

A

antigen nonspecific, exists prior to exposure, always availible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are the componests of innate immunity

A

phagocyres natural killer cells complement interferon and acute phase protiens

23
Q

what are the two main phagocytosis cells

A

macrophges and neurtophills

24
Q

what do macrophages do

A

they remove dead cells inhaled particle aaged RBC secrete hormones

25
Q

what do neutrophils do

A

same as macrophages

26
Q

where do you usually fine nuertoph9ls

A

in the blood stram about 50 percent and 50 in marginal blood pool

27
Q

what is the first step for phagocytosis

A

attachment phase antigen specific, suger coated cells need to be opsonized to attach ..polysacharrides..

28
Q

what is opsonization mean

A

coating of a microbe or particle with anitbody or completement to facilitat phagocytosis

29
Q

name one good opsonizine

A

CB3 is a good one

30
Q

what do toll like receptors do

A

they assist in the binding opsonized the cell lots of diffent ones

31
Q

what is the secound step of phagocytosis

A

ingestion phase psdudopods wrap around the particle and the fuze I inside

32
Q

what is phagosome

A

once the microbe in internilsed in the intecellular compartment it called a phagosome

33
Q

what is the third step of phagocytosis

A

digestion phse lysosomes fuse with produes and degrade it

34
Q

what is the fourth step of phagocytosis

A

disposal phase reuse of the good stuff and too much indegestible lead to cell death …puss

35
Q

what is another function of phagocytic cells

A

respitory burst NADPH oxidase, chemotaxis

36
Q

what is chemotaxis

A

the directed movement up a chemical concentration gradient of a chemotactic factor, sniff out a gradiante and go there

37
Q

what is an example of a chemotatic factor

A

C5a, leukotriene, and bacterial lipids and protiens

38
Q

what are the characteris of a natural killer cell

A

they are your first line of defense against virus infected cells, large granular lymphoctes don’t recognize antigens

39
Q

what is ADCC and what mediates it

A

natural killer cells meciate, anitbody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity,

40
Q

what activates NKC

A

interleukin 2 or inteferions

41
Q

what are complement cascades

A

a series of suluble protiens used in the innate response, one activates another activates another

42
Q

what does the complement cascade do

A

it pokes pores in the cell surface, death by osmotic lysis and opsonizes anitgen to promote phagocutosis

43
Q

what are three compliment pathways

A

lectin pathway classicle pathway or anternative pathway

44
Q

how do you active the classicle compliment pathway

A

you need at least a sing IgM or tow IgG next to each othe

45
Q

how do you activate the alternative pathway

A

C3 hydrolysis

46
Q

how do you activate he MBK pathway

A

with activated mannos

47
Q

what does MAC do in the compliment pathways

A

it forms the holes leads to osmotic lysis

48
Q

what does C3B do in the compliment pathways

A

promote phagoytosis through opsinize and shucttles it to the liver and the spleen

49
Q

what do c5a c3a do in the compliment pathway

A

act as a chmoacctractant chemottaxis of neurtophils

50
Q

what does C3Ba and cra and c5ado in the compliment pathways

A

bind to the mast cells and basophils hitamine release

51
Q

what happends when you are missing the c5-c9 parts of the MAC

A

you cannot cause the pores or holes and leads to menigytitus

52
Q

what happendss when you are missing the C1 inhibitor

A

agioedema

53
Q

what are interforirs

A

inhibit viral replication via paracrin action enchance NK cells and increa expression of MHC molecules

54
Q

CRP and MBL produced by the liver in acute phase proteins do what

A

they act as opsonins

immuno (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions