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Q3 Clin Med II Test 1 (Heme) > Immuno: innate > Flashcards

Immuno: innate Flashcards

1
Q

Innate vs Adaptive immunity?

A

Innate = non-specifc, natural, prior exposure not needed

Adaptive = specific, cell mediated

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2
Q

Immunogenicity is?

A

capacity to induce response

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3
Q

Antigenicity is?

A

ability to bind immune cells (Ig),

immune response may/not result

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4
Q

Respiratory/Oxidative Burst is?

A

membrane-bound NADPH system production of superoxides, H2O2, hyperchlorous acid, chloramines

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5
Q

Biochemical innate immunity is from what?

A

lysozymes
sebaceous secretions (acidic)
GI/U organisms

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6
Q

Chemical/Physical innate immunity is from?

A

mucus
cilia in trach
acid in stom
skin

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7
Q

Characteristics of innate immunity?

A

immediate
non-specific
response doesn’t increase w/ repeat exposure

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8
Q

Innate immunity cells originate from what stem cells?

Make what kind of end cell?

A

Myeloid stem cell –>

makes granulocytes

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9
Q

Inflammation process?

A

tissue damage or cell-mediated histamine release ->
vasodilation/permeable capillaries

cell-mediated heparin release ->
↓ clotting

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10
Q

Granulocyte types? (5)

A 
Neutrophils (most abundant)
Eosinophils
Basophils (least abundant)
Mast cells
Monocytes
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11
Q

Basophils purpose?

Found?

Releases?

A

Allergy and helminth response

circulates in blood (matures in bone marrow)

histamine (incr BF and vessel permeability), heparin (↓ clotting)

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12
Q

Eosinophils purpose?

Found?

Releases?

Other actions?

A

Allergy and asthma response

from bone marrow -> circulation and organs esp GI and respiratory

Oxy radicals (kill microbes, esp virus, helminth)
leukotrienes (airway smooth mm contraction)

stim T-lymphocytes
act as antigen presenting cells
weak phagocytic

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13
Q

Neutrophils (PMNs) purpose?

Respond to?

Found?

Releases?

Other actions?

A

First responders against bacteria

cytokines signal neutros to injury

circulate in blood

cytokines (IL, IFN) to amp response,
antimicrob proteins,
NET (fibers that bind)

strong phago

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14
Q

Mast Cells purpose?

Found?

Releases?

Degranulate if?

A

Allergy response

from bone marrow -> mature in tissues (U mucosa)

histamine and heparin

injured,
complement exposure,
antigen exposure

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15
Q

Monocytes purpose?

Found?

Stim by pathogens results in?

A

make dendritic cells and macrophages

bone marrow -> spleen

cell differentiation

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16
Q

Dendritic cell purpose?

A

capture antigens ->
deliver to lymph node ->
pass to T and B cells

17
Q

Macrophages purpose?

Found?

A

phagocytosis

skin, lungs, GI

18
Q

Resting stage of Macrophage purpose?

A

cleans up cellular debris

19
Q

Primed stage of Macrophage purpose?

A

active engulfing of bacteria ->

display fragments for T cells

20
Q

Hyper-activated stage of Macrophage initiated by?

purpose?

A

inflam cytokines

rapid engulfing/digestion of pathogens

21
Q

Kupffer cells are?

purpose?

A

specialized macrophages in liver

destroy bacteria and old RBC

22
Q

Alcohol affects Kupffer cells how?

A

chronically activates them ->
overprodxn of inflam cytokines ->
chronic inflammation

23
Q

Natural Killer cells (NKC) are?

Found?

A

cytotoxic lymphocytes
don’t require recognition of pathogen

“on call” in blood, liver, spleen

24
Q

NKC activity ↑ by what?

A

cytokines from macrophages

25
Q

NKC method of action?

A

release perforins/proteases ->

cause lysis or trigger aptosis

26
Q

Complement System is/does?

Proteins made where?

A

antigens activate group of proteins to signal immune cells to attack

liver

27
Q

Specific fxns of Complement System:

Opsonization?

A

enhances phagocytosis by marking antigens for destruction

28
Q

Specific fxns of Complement System:

Chemotaxis?

A

attracts and activate macrophages and neutrophils

induces degranulation of mast and basophils

29
Q

Specific fxns of Complement System:

Lysis?

A

form Membrane Attack Complex (MAC) that lyse pathogen thru osmotic imbalance

30
Q

Complement pathways are?

A

cascade of enzyme activation

31
Q

Complement Classic pathway works using?

A

IgG, IgM

32
Q

Complement Alternative pathway used against?

A

LPS
endotoxins
IC

Q3 Clin Med II Test 1 (Heme) (7 decks)

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