Immuno Flashcards
What are the different types of Leukocyte adhesion deficiencies? Symptoms?
LAD1, 2, and 3. 1 and 3 the worst. 1 = defect in CD18 so no functional beta-2 integrins. LAD 3: impaired cytokine signalig so no integrin activation. LAD 2: no selectins. Symptoms: recurrent bacterial infx, no pus, and delayed separation of umbilicus
What cells do IL-2 activate?
T cell and helper T cell prliferation and grwoth. NK cells, monocyte, and B cell stimulation of division. Can be shown to induce some tumor regression.
What are symptoms of TSST?
Fever, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle pain and later erythoderma
How does TSST-1 work?
Activates large widespread activation of T lymphocytes leading to IL-2 from T cells and IL-1/TNF from macrophages
What lymph node drains all skin from the umbilicus down, including the anus but excluding the posterior calf?
Superficial inguinal lymph node
What do the superior bladder and inferior bladder drain to? What does the prostate drain to?
Superior portion –> external iliac, inferior to internal iliac. Prostate to internal iliac.
What marker is rather specific for analphylaxis and mass cell degranulation?
Tryptase
Do NK cells need thymus?
No
What does neg selection cells react with
Thymid medullary epithelium and dendritic cells
What is the order in which B cells are spliced?
IgM, IgD, IgG, IgE, IgA
What is IgA secretory proteins responsible for?
Facilitates movement / prevents degradation? J protein also in dimers. Switching happens in follicles.
What is GM-CSF for?
Growth of differentiation of myeloid progenitors, secreted by macrophages and T cells
What is TGF-Beta for?
Decreased immune and increased matrix synthesis and angiogenesis
How is the flu vaccine best delivered virally?
IgA and IgG both. IgA hits HA in nasal secretions, IgG against it in blood
Difference in live vs dead virus in terms of IgA?
Attenuated, live virus have more IgA - better response. For viral entry protection. B cells for dead form against dead HA, preventing viral entry
What cells do Candida antigen injection respond?
Type IV, tests for macrophages/CD4+. Cell mediated
When do you give anti-Rh(D)?
At 28 weeks. IgG against Rh protein. Binds fetal RBC from allowing to interact.
What immunoglobulin deficiency can cause Celiacs?
IgA
Tell me about how IL-12 is responsible for intracellular organisms/mycobacterial
Infected macrophages –> IL-12 –> T/NK cell –> IFN-y–> intracellular killing within macrophages with STAT1/Janus pathway in phagolysosome
How does omalizumab work?
IgG that binds IgE to prevent any degranulation
How do you tell CGD and MPO deficiency apart?
MPO don’t do well in catalse + or -
Histology of Chediak-Higashi syndrome?
Giant cytoplasic granules. Can also have nystagmus
Symptoms of GVD?
desquamation, liver jaudnce, elevated AST/ALT, diarrhea, pain, bloating
What is bloom syndrome?
defect in DNA repair enzyme, short stature, predisposition to cancer.
In chronic transplant rejection, what happens to smooth muscle
Hypertrophies in intima
