Immunity lesson 1

Question 1

What is immunity?

Answer 1

It is the human body’s ability to prevent us from constantly being infected by various microbes. Human body’s have the ability to resist almost all types of organisms or toxins that tend to damage our tissues or organs.

Question 2

What are the 2 types of defense organisms?

Answer 2

Non-specific defense [innate immunity] & Specific defense.

Question 3

What is the first and second line of defense in no-specific defense?

Answer 3

1st line- barriers

2nd line- specialized cells and chemicals.

Question 4

What does barrier defense include/consist of?

Answer 4

Of skin and mucous membranes in urinary, reproductive tracts and respiratory.

Question 5

What prevents the growth of microbes?

Answer 5

Low pH of the skin and the digestive system.

Question 6

Explain what macrophages are.

Answer 6

Macrophages is a type of leukocyte/white blood cell that participates in both acquired and natural immune response. I is found in many tissues just below the skin.

Question 7

What is inflammation and what are the signs of inflammation?

Answer 7

Inflammation is part of the non-specific immune system response and there are 3 signs:
. swelling
. redness surrounding the tissue
. infected area is warm.

Question 8

What does mast cells release if they are damaged?

Answer 8

Chemicals

Question 9

What does the chemicals do once released?

Answer 9

The chemicals is what causes the inflammation and it attracts phagocytic cells to clean up the foreign cells

Question 10

What are the following chemicals?
.Sebum
.Sweat
.Gastric juice

Answer 10

sebum is an oil in which is a layer of protection on your skin
sweat regulates your body temperature, it flushes microbe’s and waste and contains lysozymes
gastric juices is HCL, mucus and enzymes. it kills most microbes and toxins but it does not kill botulinum & S.aureus. Bacteria enters the protected areas by food.