Immunity/Immune Response Flashcards
Acquired Immunity
Protective response of body to a specific pathogen
Active Acquired Immunity
Immunity developing after direct exposure to a pathogen
Antibody
Protein material produced in body as a response to invasion of foreign substance
Antibody-Mediated Immunity
Production of antibodies by B cells in response to an antigen; also called ‘humoral immunity.’
Antigen-Antibody Complex
Combination of antigen with its specific antibody; increases susceptibility to phagocytosis and immunity
Antigen
Substance capable of inducing formation of antibody; antibody then interacts with antigen in antigen-antibody reaction
Bacteria
Primitive, single-celled microorganisms that are present everywhere; some are capable of causing disease in humans
B Cells
Common name for B lymphocytes; responds to foreign antigens by producing protective antibodies
B Lymphocytes
Humoral immunity cells, which respond to foreign antigens by producing protective antibodies; simply referred to as ‘B cells.’
Cancerous Tumors
Malignant growths in the body
Cell-Mediated Immunity
Immunity resulting from activation of sensitized T lymphocytes; immune response causes antigens to be destroyed by direct action of cells; also called ‘cellular immunity.’
Cellular Immunity
Also called cell-mediated immunity; process results in production of T cells and natural killer, NK, cells that directly attach to foreign cells; immune response fights invasion by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and cancer
Cytotoxic
Pertaining to poisoning cells
Fungi
Organisms found in Kingdom Fungi; some are capable of causing disease in humans, such as yeast infections or histoplasmosis
Humoral Immunity
Immunity that responds to antigens, such as bacteria and foreign agents, by producing antibodies; also called ‘antibody-mediated immunity.’
Immune Response
Ability of lymphocytes to respond to specific antigens
Immunity
Body’s ability to defend itself against pathogens
Immunization
Providing protection against communicable diseases by stimulating immune system to produce antibodies against that disease; children can now be immunized for: hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, tetanus, Haemophilus influenzae type b, polio, measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox; also called ‘vaccination.’
Natural Immunity
Immunity not specific to particular disease and does not require prior exposure to pathogen; also called ‘innate immunity.’
Natural Killer (NK) Cells
T cells that can kill by entrapping foreign cells, tumor cells, and bacteria; also called T8 cells
Passive Acquired Immunity
Immunity that results when person receives protective substances produced by another human or animal; may take form of maternal antibodies crossing placenta to baby or antitoxin injection
Protozoans
Single-celled organisms that can infect body
Toxins
Substances poisonous to body; many are filtered out of blood by kidney
Vaccination
Providing protection against communicable diseases by stimulating immune system to produce antibodies against that disease; children can now be immunized for: hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, polio, measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox; also called ‘immunization.’
