Immunity biology olympiad Flashcards

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1
Q

What do tears contain?

A

antibodies and lysozymes

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2
Q

What do ears produce?

A

wax

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3
Q

Name some areas where ciliated mucous membranes are found

A

gut
genital areas
anus
ears
nose
respiratory passages

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4
Q

What is the role of goblet cells?

A

produce mucus

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5
Q

Where are goblet cells found?

A

In the epithelial tissue

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6
Q

What is the line of defence in the respiratory tract?

A

ciliated cells waft the mucus to the top of the trachea, the mucus is swallowed and passes into the stomach acid

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7
Q

What cells does the outer layer of epidermis consist of?

A

Keratinocytes

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8
Q

Are keratinocytes dead or alive?

A

dead

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9
Q

What does the skin flora consist of?

A

commensal bacteria which competes with pathogenic bacteria

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10
Q

What is commensal bacteria?

A

Bacteria that protects against pathogens

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11
Q

Are lysozymes present in the saliva?

A

yes

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12
Q

Is the first line of defence specific or non specific?

A

non specific

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13
Q

Is the first line of defence an innate immunity or adaptive immunity?

A

Innate immunity

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14
Q

What happens during the first line of defence?

A

the pathogen tries to enter the body through a hole

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15
Q

What is the first line of defence provided by?

A

Physical barriers

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16
Q

Is the 2nd line of defence specific or non specific?

A

non specific

17
Q

Is the 2nd line of defence an example of innate or adaptive immunity?

A

Innate immunity

18
Q

What happens during the 2nd line of defence?

A

The pathogen eneters the body tissue and tries to reach blood supply via a capillary

19
Q

What are the 2 localised non specific responses in the 2nd line of defence?

A

Inflammation, phagocytosis

20
Q

Is the 3rd line of defence specific or non specific?

A

specific

21
Q

Is the 3rd line of defence an innate immunity or adaptive immunity?

A

Adaptive

22
Q

What happens during the 3rd line of defence?

A

The pathogen enters the blood supply and can migrate around the body to target cells to reproduce

23
Q

What are the 3 types of specific response in the 3rd line of defence?

A

B cells - humoral respose - antibodies
T cells - cell mediated defence - cytotoxic
Secondary immune defence - memory cells