Immunity

Question 1

What is a disease?

Answer 1

A condition that prevents the body from working properly by pathogens entering the body and feeding/reproducing in it, whilst producing toxins

Question 2

What are the main two white blood cells?

Answer 2

Phagocytes, lymphocytes

Question 3

How do phagocytes work?

Answer 3

Phagocytosis

1. Recognise pathogen
2. Engulf pathogen
3. lysozyems in phagocytes move towards pathogen
4. Enzymes break down pathogen
5. Waste absorbed
6. Waste removed

Question 4

How do lymphocytes work?

Answer 4

1. Detect pathogen
2. release many type of antibody
3. correct antibody connects to pathogen
4. release lots of correct one
5. Pathogens either clump together and die, or trigger phagocytes, some relase toxins so there are anti toxins
6. produce memory cell

Question 5

What are lymphocytes?

Answer 5

They produce special y shaped proteins called antibodies, which attach to antigens and build up immunity

Question 6

What are memory cells?

Answer 6

Cells produced by lymphocytes that stop a virus that has already entered the body once from re entering by triggering much faster than the previous time

Question 7

What is a vaccination?

Answer 7

The body is given a small amount of a dead or weakened pathogen (stop pathogen from causing disease) and then the lymphocytes generate the correct antibody and memory cells for the disease, and therefore immunity