Immunity

Question 1

Complications of communicable disease have decreased due to what?

Answer 1

Use of antibiotics and antitoxins

Question 2

Incidences of communicable diseases have declined with increased us of?

Answer 2

Immunizations

Question 3

What is the primary prevention of the disease?

Answer 3

Immunization

Question 4

What are the three ways to control the spread of a disease?

Answer 4

• Reducing the risk of transmission of organisms
• Infection-control policies
• Hand washing

Question 5

These five certain groups of children are at risk for serious complications.

Answer 5

• Those receiving steroid or immunosuppressive therapy
• Those with generalized malignancies
• Those with an immunologic disorder
• Infants younger than 1 year
• Children with hemolytic disease

Question 6

What are the three ways to have natural immunity?

Answer 6

• Inflammatory response
• Physical barriers
• WBC, histamin, prostaglandins

Question 7

Natural immunity can be described as?

Answer 7

Nonspecific response to any foreign invader

Question 8

What are the two types of acquired immunity?

Answer 8

Specific against a foreign antigen

Question 9

What are the two types of acquired immunity?

Answer 9

Active and passive

Question 10

How is active immunity described?

Answer 10

Introduce antigen into body and allowing the immunity to develop

Question 11

What are the two ways to acquire active immunity?

Answer 11

Vaccine and exposure to pathogen

Question 12

How is passive immunity described?

Answer 12

Injection of antibodies produced by another host

Question 13

What are the two ways to acquire passive immunity?

Answer 13

Immunoglobulins and mother to infant

Question 14

Other than genetic factors, age and gender, and history of immunizations- what are the variables that affect immune function?

Answer 14

• Nutrition
• Emotional/physical comorbidities
• Surgeries and trauna
• Allergies
• Medications
• Psychoneuroimmunologic factors

Question 15

What is a life-threatening response to vaccines?

Answer 15

Anaphylaxis

Question 16

What are the three responses to vaccines?

Answer 16

• Local reaction
• Systemic reaction
• Local allergic reactions

Question 17

What may adults need to ensure that their childhood vaccines are still in their system?

Answer 17

Titers and boosters

Question 18

What kind of immunity decreases in children as they get older?

Answer 18

Transplacental immunity

Question 19

How often is the immunization schedule updated?

Answer 19

Annually

Question 20

When should a doctor assess their patients immunization status?

Answer 20

At every visit

Question 21

How is the immunization schedule organized?

Answer 21

By specific ages and intervals

Question 22

What are the five contraindications of immunizations?

Answer 22

• Acute illness with high fever
• Hypersensitivity reaction
• Recent immunoglobulin therapy
• Cancer treatments
• Pregnancy

Question 23

What types of doubts and concerns to patients tend to have about vaccines?

Answer 23

• Overloading immune system at a young age
• Doubt about efficacy
• Fear of side effects
• Previous negative vaccine reactions in family members and friends
• Lack of confidence in immunization recommendation

Question 24

What beliefs need to be addressed to acquire informed consent about immunizations?

Answer 24

• Herd immunity

- Belief that vaccines compromise the immune system.

Question 25

What is the health care providers role in parent education and informed consent for immunizations?

Answer 25

• Consistent message about value of vaccines
• Answer patients questions
• Discuss risks, benefits of vaccines
• Obtain written consent before administering vaccine
• Document informed refusal
• Patents have the right to refuse immunizations

Question 26

What does VIS stand for?

Answer 26

Vaccine Information Statement