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Exam 4 > Fibromyalgia > Flashcards

Fibromyalgia Flashcards

1
Q

How is fibromyalgia described?

A

-Widespread musculoskeletal pain, stiffness, fatigue, sleep disturbances and difficulty concentrating

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2
Q

How many American’s does fibromyalgia affect?

A

10 million

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3
Q

What percentage of those affected by fibromyalgia are women?

A

75-90%

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4
Q

When does the diagnosis of fibromyalgia typically occur?

A

ages 20-50

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5
Q

What are the things that may trigger fibromyalgia?

A
  • Infection
  • Trauma
  • Stressors
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6
Q

Where is the pain typically in a patient with fibromyalgia?

A
  • Neck
  • Spine
  • Shoulders
  • Hips
  • Elbows
  • Knees
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7
Q

What are the risk factors for fibromyalgia ?

A
  • Female, ages 20-50
  • Family history
  • Psychiatric disorder (ADHD or depression)
  • Medical disorder (Irritable bowel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis)
  • Genetics
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8
Q

How can you prevent fibromyalgia?

A
  • Maintain a healthy lifestyle

- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of symptoms can reduce flare ups and manage pain and fatigue

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9
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of fibromyalgia?

A
  • Widespread pain
  • Fatigue, other sleep disturbances
  • Enhanced sensitivity to heat or cold
  • Mood disorders
  • Cognitive dysfunction
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10
Q

Whom is fibromyalgia most common in?

A

Middle aged women

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11
Q

In terms of fibromyalgia- what may children and adolescents develop?

A

-Juvenile primary fibromyalgia syndrome (JPES)

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12
Q

Where is a patient with fibromyalgia often referred to?

A

A rheumatologist

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13
Q

If a patient has fibromyalgia a what types of collaboration are used to treat them?

A
  • Treatment of their underlying illnesses (depression, cognitive impairments, irritable bowel syndrome)
  • encourage different therapies
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14
Q

Because there are no diagnostic tests for fibromyalgia what other types of tools can they use to diagnose fibromyalgia?

A
  • Pain scale: extent and duration
  • Pain in four quadrants of body
  • Painful response on 11 of 18 tender points
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15
Q

What are the types of pharmacologic therapy for fibromyalgia?

A
  • Duloxetine, Milancipran -SSNRIs
  • Pregabalin: GABA analog
  • Acetaminophen (NSAIDs)
  • Tricyclic antidepressants
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16
Q

What is the method of action for pregabalin?

A
  • GABA analog

- Increases neuronal GABA levels

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17
Q

What are the contraindications/cautions for pregabalin?

A
  • Suicidal ideation
  • Depression
  • Renal impairment
  • History of drug or ETOH abuse
  • CHF
18
Q

What are the adverse effects for pregabalin?

A
  • Ataxia
  • Amnesia
  • Dizziness
  • Neuropathy
  • Abnormal thinking
  • Vertigo
  • Chest pain
  • Diplopia
  • Edema
  • Weight gain
19
Q

What should a patient avoid taking and doing on pregabalin?

A
  • Avoid ETOH

- Avoid stopping abruptly

20
Q

What are the nonpharmacologic therapies for fibromyalgia?

A
  • Aerobic exercise
  • Strength training
  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy
  • Relaxation therapy
21
Q

What are the nursing goals for a patient with fibromyalgia?

A
  • Reduce pain
  • Increase restorative sleep
  • Improve physical function
22
Q

When is fibromyalgia often diagnosed?

A

When other diagnoses are ruled out

23
Q

What are your focused assessments for a patient with fibromyalgia?

A
  • Widespread pain for at least 3 months
  • Pain at 11 of 18 tender points
  • Absence of disorder that would explain pain
24
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the F stand for?

A

Fatigue

25
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the first I stand for?

A

Irritability

26
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the B stand for?

A

Brain fog

27
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the R stand for?

A

Restless Legs

28
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the O stand for?

A

Overlapping Syndromes

29
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the M stand for?

A

Muscle and Joint pain

30
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the Y stand for?

A

You never feel good

31
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the first A stand for?

A

Anxiety and depression

32
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the L stand for?

A

Loss of control

33
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the G stand for?

A

Grief and Worry

34
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the second I stand for?

A

Immune Dysfunction

35
Q

When using FIBROMYALGIA as a mnemonic what does the second A stand for?

A

A lifetime fight

36
Q

What will the nurse plan for in a patient with fibromyalgia?

A
  • Client will report decreased pain
  • Client will report fewer sleep disturbances
  • Client will improve activity tolerance
  • Client’s score on a symptom severity scale will be less than 5
37
Q

What will the nurse implement for a patient with fibromyalgia ?

A
  • Pain management
  • Fatigue reduction
  • Increased activity tolerance
  • Education about the proper use of medication and nonpharmacologic methods to reduce pain
  • Teach clients good sleep hygiene
  • Encourage mild exercises
  • Information about coping mechanisms
38
Q

What evaluations would you expect from a nurse of a fibromyalgia patient?

A
  • Client is able to reduce pain sufficiently to allow periods of activity and sleep.
  • Client voices feelings related to chronic condition
  • Client obtains adequate follow-up
  • Client avoids use of narcotics, addictive substances
39
Q

The nurse is assessing a client who has come to the clinic with complaints of not feeling well. The nurse suspects fibromyalgia when the client reports which of the following?

  1. Musculoskeletal pain, stiffness, and tenderness
  2. Abdominal pain
  3. Constipation or diarrhea
  4. Headache
A
  1. musculoskeletal pain, stiffness, and tenderness
40
Q

The nurse is planning care for a client with fibromyalgia based on which of the following nursing diagnoses?

  1. Bowel Incontinence
  2. Ineffective Activity Planning
  3. Disturbed Body Image
  4. Activity Intolerance
A
  1. Activity intolerance
41
Q

A client who is being evaluated for a diagnosis of fibromyalgia asks the nurse what kind of diagnostic tests will be ordered. The nurse responds with which of the following?

  1. An electrolyte panel
  2. A pain assessment
  3. A CT scan
  4. There are no specific tests for fibromyalgia
A
  1. A pain assessment

Exam 4 (13 decks)

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