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BIO 234 > Immunity > Flashcards

Immunity Flashcards

1
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Innate Immunity

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2
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Adaptive Immunity

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3
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Properties of Innate Immunity

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4
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Antigens

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5
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Autoantigen

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6
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•Exogenous antigen

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7
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•Endogenous antigen

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8
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Exogenous Antigen

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9
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Endogenous Antigen

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10
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Autoantigen

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11
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Normal Microbiota
Innate immune system

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12
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•Microbial Antagonism (Innate Immunity)

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13
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Mechanical Barriers

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14
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•Skin (intact) and Epithelium (Type of mechanical barrier)

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15
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Ciliated Epithelium and Peristalsis (pushes things out)

Type of mechanical barrier

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16
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•Hair (type of mechanical barrier)

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17
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Blinking (Mechanical Barrier)

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18
Q

An enzyme that:

A

•Lysozyme (Chemical Barrier)

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19
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Lactoferrin (Chemical Barrier)

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20
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•Antimicrobial peptides (chemical barriers)

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21
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A

•Complement (chemical barriers)

Type of protein

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22
Q

What are the two functions of complement (type of protein)?

A
  • Opsonization
  • Membrane attack complex
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23
Q

Part of Complement (type of protein) that:

A

•Opsonization

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24
Q

Part of Complement (type of protein) that:

A

•Membrane attack complex

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25
Q
A

Cell with membrane attackers (complement proteins are forming the holes)

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26
Q
A

Cellular Barriers (innate immunity)

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27
Q
A

Cellular Barriers (innate immune system)

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28
Q

Process of the innate immune system which:

A

Phagocytosis (cell grabs pathogen, digests it, and expels it out)

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29
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30
Q
A

Opsonizatoin (innate immune system)

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31
Q

What are some cellular barriers of the innate immune system that consists of non-phagocytic killing?

A
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32
Q
A

•Eosinophils

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33
Q

Part of the innate immune system’s chemical barriers.

A

Neutrophils

(phagocytosis and digest pathogens)

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35
Q
A

Herd Immunity

36
Q

Pros of Subunit vaccines

A

–No exposure to pathogen

37
Q

Cons of Subunit vaccines

A

–Expense - may be produced in recombinant organisms

–Immune response less than attenuated or inactivated

38
Q

Type of vaccine that:

A

Subunit vaccines

39
Q

Pros of Toxoid vaccines

A

–Useful for organisms that cause illness due to toxin

–Do not have to be exposed to cells of pathogen

40
Q

Cons of Toxoid vaccines

A

–Boosters

41
Q

Type of vaccine that:

A

Toxoid vaccines

42
Q

Cons of Inactivated (killed) vaccines

A

–Immune response not as strong as attenuated vaccines

–Requires boosters

43
Q

Pros of Inactivated (killed) vaccines

A

–More stable than attenuated vaccines

–Microbiologically safer than attenuated

44
Q

Type of vaccine that:

A

Inactivated (killed) vaccines

45
Q

Pros of Attenuated (live) vaccines

A

–Produce a strong immune response (B and T cell)

–Contact Immunity

46
Q

Cons of Attenuated (live) vaccines

A

–Need to remain refrigerated

–Mild signs and symptoms

–Possibility of reversion and disease causation

47
Q

Type of vaccine that:

A

Attenuated (live) vaccines

48
Q

Types of Vaccines

A
  • Attenuated vaccines
  • Inactivated vaccines
  • Toxoid vaccines
  • Subunit vaccines
49
Q
A

Vaccination

50
Q
A

Passive Immunity

51
Q

Type of passive immunity that is:

•Mother to offspring (colostrum)

A

–Natural Passive

52
Q

Type of passive immunity that is:

•Individual receives pre-formed antibodies via injection

A

–Artificial Passive

53
Q

•Individual produces antibodies in response to presence of antigen

A

Active Immunity

54
Q

Type of active immunity that:

•Exposure to antigen in day to day life

A

–Natural Active

55
Q

Type of active immunity that:

•Response to antigens introduced via a vaccine

A

–Artificial active

56
Q

•Process by which memory B cells (and T cells) are produced

A

Immunization

57
Q

Types of Immunizations:

A

–Active

–Passive

–Natural

–Artificial

58
Q
A

Primary response (green)

Secondary response (orange)

59
Q

Type of B lymphocytes

A

•B Memory Cells

60
Q

Type of B lymphocyte

A

•B Plasma Cells

61
Q

Type of T lymphocytes

A

•Cytotoxic T cells (Tc)

62
Q

Type of T Lymphocytes

A

•T helper cells (Th)

63
Q

•Antibodies function in several ways by:

A

–Complement activation

–Opsonization

–Neutralization

–Agglutination

64
Q

–Complement activation

–Opsonization

–Neutralization

–Agglutination

A

Antibody function

65
Q
A

–Neutralization

(Antibody function)

66
Q
A

–Agglutination (antibody function)

67
Q
A

–Opsonization (antibody function)

68
Q
A

Antibodies

69
Q
A

Antibody structure

70
Q
A

Antibodies

71
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A

Influenza Antigens and Epitopes

72
Q
A

O and H antigens

Bacterial Serotypes and Epitopes

73
Q
74
Q
A

•Epitope (antigenic determinant)

75
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A

Microbial Antigens

76
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A

Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity

77
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A

Fever (Innate Immunity)

78
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A

Fever (Innate Immunity)

79
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A

Fever (Innate Immunity)

80
Q
A

•Natural Killer (NK) cells

Cellular Defenses (Innate)

81
Q
A

Non-Antigen Pathogen Recognition

(Innate Immunity)

•TLRs

82
Q
A

Non-Antigen Pathogen Recognition

(Innate Immunity)

•PAMPs

83
Q

Apoptosis

A

Programmed Cell Death

84
Q
A

•Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)

Pukes out DNA and contents to kill pathogen

BIO 234 (7 decks)

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