Immunisation and Prophylaxis Flashcards
What are the different types of vaccines?
- Live attenuated
- Inactivated
- Detoxified exotoxin
- Subunit of micro-organism: purified microbial products and recombinant
Name some common live attenuated vaccines
- MMR
- BCG
- Varicella-zoster virus
- Yellow fever
- Smallpox
- Typhoid
- Polio
- Rotavirus
Name some common inactivated vaccines
- Polio
- Hepatitis A
- Cholera
- Rabies
- Japanese encephalitis
- Tick-borne encephalitis
- Influenza
Name some common detoxified exotoxin vaccines
- Diptheria
- Tetanus
Name some common subunit vaccines
- Pertussis
- H influenzae type B
- Pneuomoccocus
- Typhoid
- Anthrax
- HepB
What are the components of the 6 in 1 vaccine: Infanrix hexa
- Diptheria
- Tetanus
- Pertussis
- Polio
- H influenzae B
- HepB
Which immunisations does a child get at two months?
- 6 in 1 vaccine
- Pneumococcal conjugate
- Rotavirus
- MenB
Which immunisations does a child get at 3 months?
- 6 in 1 vaccine
- Rotavirus
Which immunisations does a child get at four months?
- 6 in 1 vaccine
- Pneumococcal
- MenB
Which immunisations does a child get at 1yr?
- Hib
- Men C
- MMR
- Pneumoccocal
- Men B
Which immunisation can a child get aged 2-8 yrs?
Influenza
Which immunisations does a child get aged 3-5yrs?
- 4 in 1 booster
- MMR
Which immunisation do girls aged 12-13 get?
HPV
Which immunisations does a 14yr old get?
- 3 in 1 booster
- Men ACWY
When is the BCG vaccine given?
- Babies from high incidence areas
- Babies with parents/grandparents born in a country with a high TB incidence
- Children with TB risk factors
- New immigrants from high prevalence countries for TB
- Contacts of resp. TB patients
- Healthcare workers
What are the indications for the flu vaccine?
- Age > 65yrs
- Nursing home residents
- Some healthcare workers
- Immunodeficiency
- Asplenia
- Chronic liver, renal, cardiac and lung disease
- Diabetes
- Coeliac disease
- Pregnant women
What are the indications for the pneumococcal lolysaccharide vaccine?
- Immunodeficiency or immunosuppression
- Asplenia
- Sickle cell disease
- Chronic liver, renal, cardiac and lung disease
- Diabetes
- Coeliac disease
What are the indications for the HepB vaccine?
- New borns from 2018
- Children at high risk of exposure
- Health care workers
- PWID
- MSM
- Prisoners
- Chronic liver or kidney disease
What are the indications for the chickenpox vaccine?
- Patients who have a suppressed immune systems e.g. cancer treatment or organ transplant
- Children in contact with risk of severe VZV
- Health care workers if sero-neg
What are the indications for the shingles vaccine?
All elderly patients
What are the indications for human normal immunoglobulin?
- Immunoglobulin deficiencies
- Treatment of some autoimmune disorders e.g. myasthenia gravis
Give some examples of disease specific immunoglobulins (post exposure)
- HepB
- Rabies
- Tetanus anti-toxin
- Varicella zoster
- Diptheria anti-toxin
- Botulinum anti-toxin
Name the features of the risk assessment for immunisation for travellers
- Health of the traveller
- Previous immunisation and prophylaxis
- Area to be visited
- Duration of visit
- Accommodation
- Activities
- Remote areas
- Recent outbreaks
What general measures are a part of travel advice?
- Care with food/water
- Hand washing
- Sunburn/sunstroke
- Altitude
- RTAs
- Safer sex
- Mosquitoes: bed nets, sprays and covering up
