IMMUNE SYSTEM AND NATURE OF IMMUNITY Flashcards
It is defined as resistance to disease specifically infectious diseases
Immunology
method of scratching the skin and applying pulverized powder from small pox
variolation (innoculation)
method of scratching the skin and applying pulverized powder from small pox
variolation (inoculation)
live attenuated vaccine was discovered by
Luis Pasteur (1880-1881)
virus/ bacteria are weekend through exposure to modifying conditions such as
-chemical treatment
-aging
-hot temp
-cold temp
-repeated in vitro passage
vaccinia pertains to
cowpox
variola major
small pox
variola minor
alastrim
it is a form of immunoprophylaxis
-an antigen suspension derived from a pathogen
Vaccine
pertains to live pathogen that have been weakened
Attenuate
pertains to killed microorganism
Inactivated
Bacterial toxins that have been chemically inactivated so the they are not pathogenic
Toxoid
Biochemically purified components of a microorganism
Purified components
Factors affect the quality of immune response to a vaccine antigen `
Age
individual’s immune status
nature of vaccine
small pox vaccination
Edward jenner
live attenuated
Luis pasteur
cellular immunity through phagocytosis
Ellie metchnikoff
Antibody formation theory
Paul ehrlich
development of polio vaccine
Jonas salk and Albert bruce sabin
Vaccine againts yellow fever
walter reed
clonal selection theory
Sir Macfarlene Burnet
First monoclonal antibodies
George J.F. Kohler
A phenomenon in which exposure to one agent produces protection against another agent is known as
cross-immunity
-present at birth
-standardized response for all antigen
-lacks memory
-not specific
-immediate response
-responsible for the first and second defense in the body
Natural/ innate immunity
-not present at birth
-diverse response for each antigen
-specific
-slow (3-5) response
-capable of recalling (memory)
-responsible for the third line of defense
Acquired/ adaptive immunity
Whate are Mechanical barriers
Skin, mucous membrane, cilia, mucus
chemical barrier
lysozyme (tears and saliva)