immune system Flashcards
parts of the immune system
innate defense system and adaptive defense system
innate defense system
first line of defense against of infection an includes physical barriers like skin
innate defense part two
physical barries skin, mocus membranes, chemical barriers enzymes and stomach acid
is bodies second line of defence
the adaptive system
adaptive systems
lymphatic system, white blood cells,and antibodies
foreign invaders
bacteria, viruses, and fungi
memory T-cells
help the body remeber these invaders as they can be destroyed in the future more quickly
one of the first responses is called
inflammatory response. this is when blood vessels dilate and white blood cells and fluids are sent to the area of infection
histamines
are released causing an increase in blood flow to the area and the number of white blood cells called phagocytes these phagocytes destroy the unkown bacteria
antigens
are foreign invaders that the body had been exposed to such as bacteria or viruses that induce an immune response
antigen-prensenting cells
are white blood cells that engulf the foreign invader and present the antigen in its surface
helper T cells
are white blood cell that helps to activate the other cells of the immune system . the helper T cell induce B cells to secrete a large number of antibodies to bind to the antigen
cytotoxic T cells
are type of white blood cell that destroyes infected cells
cytokines
are chemicals that help to regulate the immune response and activate cytotoxic T cells
antibodies
are protines that attach to antigens and help destroy them
what are types of immunties
passive, and active
passsive immunity
is when the body is exposed to antibodies that have been made by another individual, such as when a mother passes antibodies to her child through breast milk
active immunity
is when the body produces its own antibodies in respose to an infection
between active and passive which is longer lasting
active
