Immune

Question 1

_____ system is made up of mucous membranes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, skin, bone marrow, tonsils, lymph nodes, and spleen.

Answer 1

Immune

Question 2

_____ are the first line of defense in the immune system.

Answer 2

Physical/chemical barriers

Question 3

________ is the second line of defense in the immune system.

Answer 3

Inflammatory response

Question 4

_________ is the third line of defense in the immune system.

Answer 4

Immune response

Question 5

______ synthesize and secrete substances to trap or destroy microorganisms and include antibacterial peptides in mucous, perspiration, saliva, tears, and earwax.

Answer 5

Biochemical barriers

Question 6

Cathelicidins, defensins and collectins are examples of _______.

Answer 6

Antimicrobial peptides

Question 7

The ___________ is a rapid initiation and interactive system of humoral and cellular systems designed to limit the extent of tissue damage, destroy contaminating infections microorganisms, initiate adaptive immunity response, and begin the healing process.

Answer 7

inflammatory response

Question 8

What are the 2 primary lymphoid organs?

Answer 8

Bone marrow and Thymus

Question 9

What are the 4 secondary lymphoid organs?

Answer 9

Lymph nodes, Spleen, Tonsils, and Peyer patched in intestines.

Question 10

What are three functions of lymph nodes?

Answer 10

1. Filter lymphatic fluid that drain from body tissues
2. Return fluid to blood as plasma
3. Removes bacteria and toxins from the circulatory system

Question 11

___________ are scattered in the body, especially in GI, respiratory, and GU tracts, are analogous to nodes but not encapsulated, and are mostly B cells so produce antibodies to defend mucosa.

Answer 11

Peyer patches of the small intestine

Question 12

The _____ is the largest lymphatic organ and functions as a reservoir for blood. Macrophages in this organ clear cellular debris and recycle hemoglobin.

Answer 12

spleen

Question 13

_______ produce lymphocytes and guard the body against airborne and ingested pathogens.

Answer 13

Tonsils

Question 14

What are the 2 types of immunity?

Answer 14

1. Innate and adaptive
2. B cells vs T cells

Question 15

Which action is a purpose of the inflammatory process?

Answer 15

To prevent infection of the injured tissue

Question 16

When considering white blood cell differentials, acute inflammatory reactions are related to elevations of which leukocyte?

Answer 16

Neutrophils

Question 17

What is the vascular effect of histamine released from the mast cells?

Answer 17

Vasodilation

Question 18

An area of dead cells resulting from ischemia, where the function of the tissue or organ may be lost, is called a(n) ________.

Answer 18

Infarction

Question 19

What is the second line of defense of the immune system?

Answer 19

Inflammatory Response

Question 20

Which of the following provides active immunity?
Immunoglobulin administration
Breast milk
Antivenom
Vaccines

Answer 20

Vaccines

Question 21

The inflammatory response is a nonspecific response to _________.

Answer 21

local vasodilation

Question 22

The number of neutrophils in the blood is increased significantly ___________.

Answer 22

in order to promote phagocytosis.

Question 23

An adolescent female is seen for a well child visit. The past medical history is significant for varicella at age 4. The nurse practitioner recognizes this as _________.

Answer 23

The patient has acquired immunity for varicella

Question 24

The type of disorder that occurs when the immune system does not distinguish between self-antigens and non-self antigens is called an ___________.

Answer 24

Autoimmune disorder

Question 25

First aid directives for injury-related inflammation often recommends this four-step approach ______________

Answer 25

RICE
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevate

Question 26

The sensation of pain in the inflammatory response activates mast cells and basophils to release:

Answer 26

Histamines

Question 27

A 34-year-old with a recent diagnosis of HIV presents with thick white plaques on the tongue depressor. What is the most likely pathophysiology for this condition in this patient?

Answer 27

opportunistic infection