Immune Flashcards
_____ system is made up of mucous membranes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, skin, bone marrow, tonsils, lymph nodes, and spleen.
Immune
_____ are the first line of defense in the immune system.
Physical/chemical barriers
________ is the second line of defense in the immune system.
Inflammatory response
_________ is the third line of defense in the immune system.
Immune response
______ synthesize and secrete substances to trap or destroy microorganisms and include antibacterial peptides in mucous, perspiration, saliva, tears, and earwax.
Biochemical barriers
Cathelicidins, defensins and collectins are examples of _______.
Antimicrobial peptides
The ___________ is a rapid initiation and interactive system of humoral and cellular systems designed to limit the extent of tissue damage, destroy contaminating infections microorganisms, initiate adaptive immunity response, and begin the healing process.
inflammatory response
What are the 2 primary lymphoid organs?
Bone marrow and Thymus
What are the 4 secondary lymphoid organs?
Lymph nodes, Spleen, Tonsils, and Peyer patched in intestines.
What are three functions of lymph nodes?
- Filter lymphatic fluid that drain from body tissues
- Return fluid to blood as plasma
- Removes bacteria and toxins from the circulatory system
___________ are scattered in the body, especially in GI, respiratory, and GU tracts, are analogous to nodes but not encapsulated, and are mostly B cells so produce antibodies to defend mucosa.
Peyer patches of the small intestine
The _____ is the largest lymphatic organ and functions as a reservoir for blood. Macrophages in this organ clear cellular debris and recycle hemoglobin.
spleen
_______ produce lymphocytes and guard the body against airborne and ingested pathogens.
Tonsils
What are the 2 types of immunity?
- Innate and adaptive
- B cells vs T cells
Which action is a purpose of the inflammatory process?
To prevent infection of the injured tissue
When considering white blood cell differentials, acute inflammatory reactions are related to elevations of which leukocyte?
Neutrophils
What is the vascular effect of histamine released from the mast cells?
Vasodilation
An area of dead cells resulting from ischemia, where the function of the tissue or organ may be lost, is called a(n) ________.
Infarction
What is the second line of defense of the immune system?
Inflammatory Response
Which of the following provides active immunity?
Immunoglobulin administration
Breast milk
Antivenom
Vaccines
Vaccines
The inflammatory response is a nonspecific response to _________.
local vasodilation
The number of neutrophils in the blood is increased significantly ___________.
in order to promote phagocytosis.
An adolescent female is seen for a well child visit. The past medical history is significant for varicella at age 4. The nurse practitioner recognizes this as _________.
The patient has acquired immunity for varicella
The type of disorder that occurs when the immune system does not distinguish between self-antigens and non-self antigens is called an ___________.
Autoimmune disorder
First aid directives for injury-related inflammation often recommends this four-step approach ______________
RICE
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevate
The sensation of pain in the inflammatory response activates mast cells and basophils to release:
Histamines
A 34-year-old with a recent diagnosis of HIV presents with thick white plaques on the tongue depressor. What is the most likely pathophysiology for this condition in this patient?
opportunistic infection
