immigration and urbanization

Question 1

urbanization

Answer 1

The process by which an increasing proportion of a population comes to reside in urban areas and the associated changes in social, economic, and political structures.

Question 2

megacities

Answer 2

populations exceeding 10 million people, characterized by intense population density, economic activities, and complex social structures.

Question 3

megaregions

Answer 3

Networks of metropolitan areas that are economically integrated and interconnected, often forming extensive urban corridors that span multiple cities and regions.

Question 4

globalization

Answer 4

interconnectedness and interdependence of societies on a global scale, involving the exchange of goods, information, ideas, and cultures across national boundaries.

Question 5

social capital

Answer 5

The networks, relationships, and social connections within a community that contribute to trust, cooperation, and the overall well-being of individuals and groups.

Question 6

urbanism

Answer 6

The way of life, attitudes, values, and patterns of behavior associated with living in urban areas.

Question 7

social networks

Answer 7

Patterns of social relationships and connections among individuals or groups, which can be both formal and informal

Question 8

the great migration

Answer 8

The mass movement of African Americans from the rural Southern United States to urban areas in the North and West, primarily during the early to mid-20th century.

Question 9

push factor

Answer 9

factors that encourage individuals to leave a location

Question 10

pull factor

Answer 10

factors that encourage individuals to come to a location

Question 11

chicago school of urban sociology

Answer 11

focusing on the study of urban environments and their impact on social behavior, led by scholars associated with the University of Chicago.

Question 12

human ecology

Answer 12

study of the relationship between human populations and their environments, including how social structures interact with and adapt to physical environments.

Question 13

ethnic enclave

Answer 13

A geographic area with a high concentration of residents of a particular ethnic or cultural group.

Question 14

immigrant integration

Answer 14

process by which immigrants and their descendants become part of the social, economic, and cultural fabric of the host society.

Question 16

second generation

Answer 16

born to first generation immigrant parents in the new country

Question 17

growth machine

Answer 17

concept in urban sociology referring to the coalition of political and economic interests that promote urban development and growth.

Question 18

gentrification

Answer 18

process of urban renewal and the influx of wealthier individuals into previously lower-income neighborhoods, often resulting in increased property values and the displacement of existing residents.

Question 19

concentrated poverty

Answer 19

The high concentration of individuals or families living in poverty within a specific geographic area.

Question 20

economic segregation

Answer 20

The separation of individuals or groups based on economic status, often resulting in distinct economic classes residing in different neighborhoods.

Question 21

residential segregation

Answer 21

The spatial separation of different racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic groups within a residential area.

Question 22

white flight

Answer 22

migration of white residents from urban areas to suburban or exurban areas, often in response to increasing racial diversity or perceived urban decline.

Question 23

redlining

Answer 23

historical practice of denying loans or insurance to individuals based on their race or the racial composition of their neighborhood.

Question 24

suburban sprawl

Answer 24

unplanned and often rapid expansion of suburban areas characterized by low-density development, reliance on automobiles, and the spread of commercial and residential zones.

Question 25

georg simmel

Answer 25

key figure in the development of sociology and is known for his work on social theory and the study of social forms.

Question 26

Louis wirth

Answer 26

known for his classic work “Urbanism as a Way of Life,” which explores the effects of urban living on individuals.

Question 27

Claude Fischer

Answer 27

American sociologist known for his research on urban life, social networks, and the impact of technology on society.

Question 28

Jane jacobs

Answer 28

renowned for her influential work on urban studies, particularly her book “The Death and Life of Great American Cities.”

Question 29

Barry wellman

Answer 29

recognized for his contributions to the study of social networks and the impact of technology on social life.

Question 30

st. clair drake and Horace cayton

Answer 30

Collaborative authors of the influential sociological study “Black Metropolis,” which examined the social and economic conditions of African Americans in Chicago.

Question 31

Ernest burgess

Answer 31

American sociologist associated with the Chicago School of sociology. He is known for his work on urban sociology and the concentric zone model.

Question 32

Douglas Massey

Answer 32

specializing in the fields of immigration, race, and housing

Question 33

John Logan and Harvey molotch

Answer 33

Sociologists known for their work on urban sociology. Molotch is particularly known for his concept of “the city as a growth machine.”

Question 34

William Julius wilson

Answer 34

specializing in the study of race and class issues. He is known for his work on urban poverty and the impact of economic changes on African American communities.

Question 35

Douglas Massey and Nancy denton

Answer 35

Collaborative authors known for their work on residential segregation,

Question 36

Richard florida

Answer 36

urban studies theorist known for his research on the creative class and its impact on cities.