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SCS Prep > Imaging - UQ > Flashcards

Imaging - UQ Flashcards

1
Q

Canadian Cervical Spine Rules

A

for alert, stable trauma patienets

need radiography if high risk factors present, can’t rotate neck, or low risk but unsafe ROM

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2
Q

Oblique X-ray

A

after fx/dislocation, r/o

neural foraminal narrowing, facet jt alignment

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3
Q

Swimmer’s X-ray

A

C7-T1 if joints can’t be seen in AP/lateral views

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4
Q

Atlantodental Interval

A

distance between post margin of ant tub and ant surface of dens
> 3.5 mm instability, > 7 transverse lig disrupted
> 9-10 neurologic injury risk

Cause - trauma, Down syndrome, AS, RA, psoriatic arthritis, Reiter syndrome

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5
Q

George Line

A

lateral view connecting post vertebral bodies (should be smooth)

  • flex/ext view useful for appreciate disruption
  • antero/retro-lothesis - instability due to fx, dislocation, lig lax, DJD
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6
Q

Center Gravity Line

A

vert line from apex to dens to C7 body

- gross assessment where gravitational stresses acting on CTJ

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7
Q

Prevertebral Soft Tissue

A

in front of vert bodies, behind air shadow of pharynx, larynx, trachea

  • increases with any soft tissue mass, post trauma hematoma, neoplasm
  • C2-C5 < 7 mm in neutral, C5-C7 < 20 normal
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8
Q

Spinal Fx

A

Jefferson - C1 burst fx (axial loading of head compressed onto spine)
Odontoid - C2
Hangman - C2 post aspects (hyperext, SC compromised, C2 sublux on C3, w/ lysthesis)
Clay-Shovelers - spinous process of C6-T2 (any) (hyperflex)

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9
Q

Stingers/Burners

A

acute short lived neuropraxic injuries (extremity paresthesia, weakness)
high concurrence with DDD/stenosis

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10
Q

Cervical cord neurapraxia (CCN)

A 
can vary from B sensory deficits to complete quadriplegia (80%)
15 min (74%) to 48 hours
pincer mechanism and compression; associated with stenosis
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11
Q

Lateral Elbow view

A

best; ant fat pad should be adjacent to bone (post = pathology or fx)

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12
Q

CRITOE

A

capitulum, radial head, int (med) epi, trochlea, olecranon, ext (lat) epi

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13
Q

Elbow Fractures

A 
radial head - most common
nightstick - mid ulna fx
monteggia - prox ulna, rad head dislocation
galeazzi - dist rad fx, uln dislocation
greenstick
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14
Q

Nursemaid’s Elbow

A

significant distraction force cause rad head to slip out of annular ligament

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15
Q

Little League Elbow

A

medial apophysitis from repetitive throwing; look for lateral compression too

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16
Q

New Orleans Criteria

A

GCS 15 AND 1 of following

  • HA, vomit, > 60 yo, dug/alc
  • persistent anterograde amnesia, visible trauma above clavicle, seizure
17
Q

Canadian CT Head Rule

A

CGS 13-15 AND 1
- need trauma, no open fx, > 16 yo, not on warfarin (no bleeding disorder)

High risk

  • GCS < 15, 2 hours after
  • suspected open/depressed skull fx
  • signs of basal skull fx, vomit 2+x, > 65 yo

Medium risk

  • amenisa 30 min before impact
  • dangerous mechanism
  • fall > 3 ft or 5 stairs
18
Q

Shoulder and US

A

high acc in FT RTC, less Sn in PT
MRA = Sn, > Sp FT and PT
useful for Ca deposit aspiration or bursal injection, eval LH biceps

19
Q

Shoulder and MRI

A

high acc FT RTC
= Sn vs MRA (FT), less acc PT; comparable vs US
less Sp vs MRA for RTC tear, less Sn with PT

20
Q

Shoulder and MRA

A

most acc RTC
less Sn for bursal PT than articular PT
gold standard labrum

21
Q

Shoulder and CT

A

better than X-ray to eval complex fx

22
Q

Clavicle Fx

A

A - 80% mid 1/3
B - 15% dist/lat 1/3
C - 5% prox/med

23
Q

Shoulder Dislocation

A

95% ant, Y film
Need imaging
> 40 bruising, > 40 and 1st time, < 40 and MOI other than fall/atraumatic injury

24
Q

Hill-Sachs

A

defect in post sup HH; indentation from where HH rest on ant rim of glenoid

25
Q

Bankart

A

HH hits glenoid = fx of inf edge of glenoid

26
Q

Hand X-rays

A 
scap - scap fx
carpal tunnel - hamate fx
PA - uln styloid, uln variance, arches
lat - scapholunate angle
oblique
27
Q

Colles Fx

A

most common, dist rad fx with dorsal angulations and uln sty fx

MOI - FOOSH, break towards thumb

28
Q

Smith Fx

A

palmar angulation, wrist flex, break away from thumbg

29
Q

Scaphoid Fx

A

can lead to AVN
snuff box, scap tub tenderness, long compression

Peds - rad dev pain, painful wrist AROM, volar scap tender
immob, repeat imaging/exam in 2 weeks

30
Q

Signet Ring sign

A

scapholunate lig tear

31
Q

Keinboch’s diesase

A

AVN of lunate
1 - mild, intermittent
2 - pain severe/constant, inc density on AP
3 - worst

32
Q

MC Fx

A

Boxer - 5th (displacement and angul palmar)
Bennet - 1st (2 piece intraarticular fx dislocation at base
Rolando - 1st (base fx with 3+ fragments)

33
Q

Gamekeeper

A

avulsion fx of thumb, UCL rupture of thumb MCP (may have fx vs tear)

Stener’s lesion - reflects out of add apon = never heal again

34
Q

Ganglion Cyst

A

dorsum of wrist, check scapholunate jt

SCS Prep (16 decks)

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