Imaging findings

Question 1

Alzheimer disease - Imaging+

Amyloid Plaques (neuritic / senile plaques)
Beta amyloid plaques between neuro cells.

Nerufilbrillary tangles.
Microglosis
Astrocytosis

Answer 1

Alzheimer disease
CT (standard axial) - Generalised Cerebral Atrophy and ventricular enlargement.
CT ( angled Axial) - Reduced medial lobe width.

MRI - Medial - temporal lobe atrophy, periventricular white matter lesions (hypoattentuated on CT or Hyper intense on MRI).

SPECT - Temporal-parietal hypo-perfusion

Question 2

Vascular Dementia - Imaging findings

Answer 2

Vascular Dementia - Imaging findings

CT + MRI - Infarcts, and extensive deep white matter lesions.

SPECT - Patchy Multi focal patterns of hypo perfusion.

Question 3

Lewy Body dementia (dementia with Lewy bodies) - imaging findings

alpha-synuclein + Ubiquitin in cerebral cortex.

Tau positive

Answer 3

Lewy Body dementia (dementia with Lewy bodies) - imaging findings

CT / MRI -

Generalised ventricular enlargement.
Relative preservation of Medial - temporal lobe (as opposed to AD)
Similar changes in white matter to AD, but not less extensive then vascular.

SPECT -
Posterior defects.
Reduced D2 Receptor density.
Reduced dopamine transport.

Question 4

Frontal Temporal Dementia

Tau positive

Answer 4

Frontal Lobe atrophy.

Function anterior perfusion deficits.

Question 5

Late life depression

Answer 5

MRi - Deep white matter hyper intensities.

Question 6

CJD

Answer 6

Pulvinar sign, high intensity signal in the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus.