Imaging + endoscopy of the urinary tract

Question 1

Why would x-ray be used in urology?

Answer 1

kidney stones

Question 2

What can USS be used for in urology?

Answer 2

1. To scan for hydronephrotic kidneys –> will show dilated calyces
2. Renal cyst
3. Cancer: Renal cell carcinoma, bladder tumour
4. Bladder stone
5. Obstructions: PUJ, Ureteric

Question 3

What can CT be used for in urology?

Answer 3

• Renal cell carcinoma
• Cyst
• Transitional cell carcinomas
• Stones

Question 4

What can PET be used for in urology?

Answer 4

• show metastases

Question 5

What can MRI be used for in urology?

Answer 5

• kidney cysts
• RCC
• stones
• prostate cancer

Question 6

Give examples of nuclear medicine used in urology.

Answer 6

• MAG3 renogram
• DMSA renogram
• bone scan

Question 7

What are the 2 different types of endoscopy in urology?

Answer 7

• Natural orifice

- Laparoscopy

Question 8

What are the different routes for endourology?

Answer 8

1. PCNL (percutaneous nephrolithotomy) - used to remove stones from kidney and is minimally invasive
2. URS - FURS (Ureterenoscopy and flexible ureterorenoscopy)
3. Cystoscopy
4. ureteroscopy
5. renoscopy