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Rad Tech School 2024 - 2026 > Imaging Chap6 > Flashcards

Imaging Chap6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four primary exposure technique factors?

A

kVp, mAs, distance, and filtration

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2
Q

What does kVp stand for in exposure technique factors?

A

kilovoltage peak

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3
Q

What does mAs stand for in exposure technique factors?

A

milliampere seconds

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4
Q

What is the purpose of using distance as an exposure technique factor?

A

To reduce patient dose by increasing the distance from the x-ray tube

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5
Q

How does filtration affect the quality of an x-ray image?

A

Filtration removes low-energy x-ray photons, resulting in a higher quality image

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6
Q

True or False: Increasing kVp will increase the penetration of the x-ray beam.

A

True

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7
Q

Fill in the blank: Increasing the _________ will decrease patient dose.

A

distance

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8
Q

Which exposure technique factor directly controls the amount of x-ray photons produced?

A

mAs

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9
Q

What is the relationship between mAs and image brightness?

A

Directly proportional

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10
Q

Why is it important to consider exposure technique factors when performing x-ray imaging?

A

To optimize image quality while minimizing patient dose

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11
Q

Radiation quantity is directly proportional to _____?

A

Milliamperage (mA)

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12
Q

If mA is increased, exposure time must:

A

Decrease

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13
Q

When kVp is increased, x-ray beam penetration ___

A

Increases

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14
Q

When kVp is decreased, subject contrast _________

A

Increases

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15
Q

What is the main reason to use a compensating filter?

A

To create an uniform exposure across varying tissue thickness

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16
Q

Using a high kVp and low mAs technique is recommended in digital imaging to

A

Prevent patient overexposure

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17
Q

What is the term for the overall blackness of a radiograph?

A

Density

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18
Q

_____ affects image brightness in digital radiography.

A

Post-processing

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19
Q

Increasing the focal spot size, _____ spatial resolution?

A

Decreases

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20
Q

______ is most responsible for image unsharpness

A

Focal spot size

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21
Q

The inverse square law states that the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to:

A

The square of the distance from the source

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22
Q

If the SID is doubled, the intensity of the radiation reaching the image receptor ________.

A

Decreases by 1/4

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23
Q

_______ causes magnification

A

Increasing OID

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24
Q

_______ is used to adjust for changes iin SID while maintaining exposure to the IR

A

Direct square law

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25
Q

The main purpose of using a grid is to :

A

Reduce scatter

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26
Q

When is a grid used?

A

When the part is greater than 10 cm thick

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27
Q

Increasing collimation does what to scatter?

A

It decreases scatter

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28
Q

If an x-ray is taken using a 6:1 grid with 30 mA. What mAs would be needed if a 12:1 grid is used?

A

50 mAs

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29
Q

To compensate for increased collimation, the radiographer should:

A

Increase mAs

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30
Q

A hypersthenic patient will require __________ as compared to a sthenic patient

A

Increased kVp

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31
Q

How should the technique be adjusted for a wet plaster cast?

A

Increase the mAs by a factor of 3

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32
Q

How should the kVp be adjusted when imaging a pediatric patient under 6 years old?

A

Decrease the kVp by 15%

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33
Q

What is an example of an additive disease requiring an increase in kVp?

A

Pleural effusion

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34
Q

______ contrast agents increase the absorption of x-rays.

A

Positive

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35
Q

The 15% rule states that increasing the kVp by 15% is equivalent to:

A

Doubling the mAs

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36
Q

The air gap technique:

A

Reduces scatter

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37
Q

Increasing OID, ______ spatial resolution

A

Decreases

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38
Q

If the central ray is misaligned, what type of distortion will occur?

A

Shape distortion

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39
Q

What is the result of underexposure?

A

Quantum mottle

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40
Q

What happens to the exposure to the image receptor is the mAs is doubled?

A

It doubles

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41
Q

To reduce quantum noise, what should the radiographer do?

A

Increase mAs

42
Q

_______ has the greatest affect on beam quality

A

KVp

43
Q

Increasing mAs, ______ image contrast

A

Does not change

44
Q

When adjusting technical factors for an asthenic patient, the radiographer should:

A

Decrease mAs

45
Q

What is one condition that requires a decrease in kVp for proper exposure?

A

Osteoporosis

46
Q

In the case of AEC, what determines the exposure time?

A

The detectors ability to measure radiation

47
Q

What is the most important factor to control when trying to minimize motion blur?

A

Exposure time

48
Q

The exposure indicator number on the digital image is used to determine:

A

The level of exposure received by the image receptor

49
Q

When SID increases, spatial resolution ________

A

Increases

50
Q

Decreasing SID, will _____

A

Increase magnification

51
Q

The 15% rule is used to :

A

Maintain exposure while adjusting kVp

52
Q

What is penumbra?

A

Unsharpness

53
Q

The inverse square law affects ____

A

Density and intensity of the beam

54
Q

What is the purpose of using a grid?

A

To reduce scatter and improve contrast

55
Q

What effect does increasing grid ratio have on image contrast?

A

It increases contrast

56
Q

If an x-ray is too light and needs more density, what adjustment should be made?

A

Increase the mAs

57
Q

If an x-ray is too light and needs more density, what adjustment should be made?

A

Increase the mAs

58
Q

What is the purpose of collimation?

A

To reduce scatter and improve contrast

59
Q

What is a condition that would require a decrease in technical factors?

A

Emphysema

60
Q

What is the appropriate technical factor adjustment for imaging a patient with a wet plaster cast?

A

Increase the mAs by 3

61
Q

In pediatric imaging, what is the perferred method to reduce motion blur?

A

Using fast exposure times

62
Q

How should exposure factors be adjusted for a patient with osteoporosis?

A

Decrease kVp

63
Q

A radiograph of the abdomen shows a large amount of gas, which appears radiolucent. What adjustment should be made in technique?

A

Decrease kVp

64
Q

A pediatric skull radiograph requires the same exposure factors as an adult starting at what age?

A

Six years

65
Q

What should the radiographer do if an anatomic part has additive pathology such as edema?

A

Increase mAs

66
Q

Tube filtration primarily affects which aspect of the x-ray beam?

A

Beam quality

67
Q

In a high-frequency generator, how are exposure technique settings adjusted compared to a single-phase generator?

A

Decrease exposure factors

68
Q

What effect does tube filtration have on patient dose?

A

Decreases pt dose

69
Q

What is the purpose of compensating filtration?

A

To provide uniform exposure to areas with varying tissue thickness

70
Q

As tissue thickness increases, beam attenuation ______

A

Increases

71
Q

What effet does adding compensating filtration have on mAs

A

It increases mAs

72
Q

Generators with higher efficiency, such as three-phase or high-frequency generators, typically require:

A

Lower exxposure factors

73
Q

Increasing tube filtration results in:

A

Hardening of the beam

74
Q

When using a single-phase generator, compared to a high-frequency generator, what adjustment should be made to exposure factors?

A

You should increase them

75
Q

Why is tube filtration an important consideration in reducing patient dose?

A

It reduces low-energy photons that would be absorbed by the patient

76
Q

. For a patient with severe emphysema, what change in technical factors is typically required?

A

Decrease kVp

77
Q

When imaging a patient with a dry plaster cast, what adjustment should be made to the exposure technique?

A

Increase mAs by a factor of 2

78
Q

For a patient with a large amount of ascites, which adjustment in technique is needed?

A

Increase mAs

79
Q

How should the radiographer adjust the exposure technique for a patient with a pneumothorax

A

No change

80
Q

When imaging a patient with pleural effusion, what adjustment should be made to the technique?

A

Increase kvp

81
Q

Which pathological condition requires an increase in mAs to compensate for tissue attenuation?

A

Edema

82
Q

What is the appropriate adjustment when imaging a patient with a destructive pathology such as advanced emphysema?

A

Decrease kvp

83
Q

Increasing OID, _______ image magnification

A

Increases

84
Q

What adjustment should be made to maintain exposure when SID is increased?

A

Increase mAs

85
Q

Decreasing OID will increase _______

A

Spatial resolution

86
Q

To maintain exposure to the image receptor when increasing OID, what must be done to mAs?

A

Increase mAs

87
Q

In the event of excessive quantum noise in an image, what adjustment should be made?

A

Increase mAs

88
Q

Increasing SID, does what to beam intensity?

A

Decreases it

89
Q

To maintain exposure when kVp is increased by 15%, what should be done to mAs?

A

Decrease the mAs by half

90
Q

Using a small focal spot size , _______ spatial resolution

A

Increases

91
Q

Which of the following is a key consideration when imaging pediatric patients compared to adults?

A

Lowering kvp and mas is crucial

92
Q

A pediatric skull radiograph requires a 15% decrease in kVp for children under the age of:

A

6 years

93
Q

When imaging a child with a wet plaster cast, how should exposure factors be adjusted?

A

Increase mAs by a factor of 3

94
Q

When imaging a pediatric chest x-ray, what is the recommended approach to reduce patient dose?

A

Using the lowest mAs possible for an adequate image

95
Q

What should be considered when imaging a pediatric patient with scoliosis?

A

Using compensating filters

96
Q

When using a higher grid ratio, what adjustment should be made to mAs to maintain image brightness?

A

It should be increased

97
Q

Increasing kVp, _______ image contrast

A

Increases

98
Q

When contrast media is used, what happens to the overall image contrast?

A

It increases

99
Q

What is the effect of collimation on patient dose and image contrast?

A

Decreases patient dose and increases contrast

100
Q

What adjustment should be made when imaging a body part with a destructive pathology like osteoporosis?

A

Decrease kVp

101
Q

For a patient with a body part requiring positive contrast agents, how should technical factors be adjusted?

A

Kvp should be increased

Rad Tech School 2024 - 2026 (9 decks)

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