Imaging Flashcards
KUB
- what type of imaging?
- use
- benefits
x-ray of the abd
used to identify stones greater than 4mm and also helps to assess constipation in pediatric patients
benefits: inexpensive
Intravevnous pyelogram (IVP)
- what type of imaging?
- how is this done?
- use
- risk
imaging type: fluoroscopy w/ IV contrast. looks at kidneys ureter and bladder.
How: pt void before and after the study, a series of images are taken at various times to look at filtration.
Use:
- abd injury
- bladder/kidney infection
- hematuria
- flank pain
- tumors
Risks: allergic rxn to the contrast.
*generally dont use this, it has been replaced by CT.
US:
- Renal
- -uses
- Scrotal
- -uses
- Prostate
- -aka
- -uses
Renal
-uses: size of kidney, injury to kidneys, abnormalities or blockage or stonees, complications of UTI, cysts or tumors.
Scrotal uses:
- size of testicles
- evaluates cystic vs solid mass
- find reason for pain
- look at blood flow
- look at location of undescended testis
Prostate uses:
- measure prostate
- dx cause of mans infertility
- evaluate prostate noduels
- placement of needles for radiation
aka: Trans-rectal US (TRUS)
Voiding Cystourethhrogram (VCUG)
- what type of imaging?
- use
Type: xray study of bladder using fluoroscopy and contrast material
Use:
- checking for vesicuoreteral reflux after UTI
- bladder obstruction
- abnormal urination w/ very high pressure within the bladder
- incomplete bladder emptying
Retrograde Urethrogram (RUG)
- what type of imaging?
- use
Imaging type: xray with contrast injected into the urethra.
Use:
- dx urethral pathology from trauma or urethral strictures
- done pre and post-op reconstruction of urethra
- can help identify urethral diverticulum and fistulas
- if you see blood in the meatus you need to get this study.
Renal Stone CT Scan
- contrast?
- what information is obtained from this?
- drawbacks
Contrast is not used.
Info: gives the exact shape, size, and location of the stone. Detects all types of stones even uric acid stones!
Drawbacks:
- radiation exposure
- cost
IVP CT:
- contrast?
- use
- drawbacks
IV contrast is used.
Use:
- evaluates collecting system, ureters, bladder
- used fro causes of hematuria
- identifies renal tumors better than CT without contrast.
Drawbacks:
- radiation exposure
- cost
- allergy to contrast dye
- renal dz
Radionuclide Imaging:
- use
- contrast?
- risk
use: looks at blood supply, function, and excretion of urine from the kidneys
- hydronephrosis
Contrast: no, radiopharmaceutical. DTPA MAG3
Risks:
-allergic rxns
Prostate MRI
-use
-
use:
- mainly for prostate CA
- helps determine extent of spread of CA
- helps in planning radiotherapy for prostate CA
