im preparing for neet. make flashcards for cell and cell cycle chapter for neet
What is the basic unit of life?
The cell
True or False: All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
True
What is the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells?
Cell division
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the structure that surrounds the cell and regulates what enters and leaves.
cell membrane
What are the two main types of cells?
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria
What phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication?
S phase
True or False: Mitosis results in two genetically identical daughter cells.
True
What is the name of the protein that helps in the regulation of the cell cycle?
Cyclin
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase
Fill in the blank: During __________, chromosomes condense and become visible.
prophase
What is the main purpose of meiosis?
To produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes
Which phase of mitosis involves the alignment of chromosomes along the cell’s equator?
Metaphase
True or False: The G1 phase is a part of interphase.
True
What is the role of spindle fibers during cell division?
To separate and pull apart the chromosomes
What is apoptosis?
Programmed cell death
Fill in the blank: The __________ checkpoint ensures that the cell is ready to enter mitosis.
G2
What type of cell division occurs in somatic cells?
Mitosis
True or False: DNA is replicated during the G2 phase.
False
What is the term for the physical and functional characteristics of an organism determined by its genes?
Phenotype
Fill in the blank: The __________ phase is where cells exit the cycle and enter a resting state.
G0
What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?
Chromatin is the uncondensed form of DNA, while chromosomes are condensed and visible during cell division.
What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces two identical cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse cells.
What is the significance of the S phase in the cell cycle?
It is when DNA synthesis occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes.
