Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

biology > biology imp. > Flashcards

biology imp. Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basic unit of life?

A

Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the process by which plants make their own food?

A

Photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fill in the blank: The genetic material in cells is called _____.

A

DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which process involves the division of a cell’s nucleus?

A

Mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

A

Protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or False: Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

A

Hydrogen bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

A

To act as catalysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plants?

A

Chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

A

To regulate what enters and exits the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of converting glucose into energy is called _____.

A

Cellular respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the name of the process by which bacteria reproduce?

A

Binary fission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Lipid synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or False: All enzymes are proteins.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

A

Modifying and packaging proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fill in the blank: The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms is the _____.

A

Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?

A

mRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the primary role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or False: Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the function of lysosomes?

A

Digestion of waste materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fill in the blank: The sequence of DNA that codes for a protein is called a _____.

A

Gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the primary purpose of the cytoskeleton?
To maintain cell shape and structure
26
Which cellular process occurs in the mitochondria?
Cellular respiration
27
True or False: Plant cells have cell walls while animal cells do not.
True
28
What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
To provide structure and support
29
What type of transport requires energy to move substances across the cell membrane?
Active transport
30
What are the two main types of cells?
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
31
Fill in the blank: The semi-permeable layer surrounding the cell is called the _____.
Cell membrane
32
What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?
Storage of substances
33
Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
34
True or False: DNA replication occurs during the S phase of interphase.
True
35
What is the purpose of mitosis?
To produce two identical daughter cells
36
What is the term for the physical expression of genes?
Phenotype
37
What is the basic difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis results in two identical cells, meiosis results in four genetically different cells.
38
Fill in the blank: The phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows and prepares for division is called _____.
Interphase
39
What is an allele?
Different forms of a gene
40
True or False: A dominant allele will always express its trait over a recessive allele.
True
41
What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA)?
To carry the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome
42
What is the term for a cross between two individuals that are heterozygous for a trait?
Monohybrid cross
43
What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?
To bring amino acids to the ribosome
44
Fill in the blank: The genetic makeup of an organism is known as its _____.
Genotype
45
What are homologous chromosomes?
Chromosomes that have the same genes at the same loci but may have different alleles.
46
True or False: Incomplete dominance results in a blend of traits.
True
47
What is the main purpose of meiosis?
To produce gametes for sexual reproduction
48
What is a phenotype ratio?
The ratio of different phenotypes in the offspring
49
Fill in the blank: The observable traits of an organism are referred to as its _____.
Phenotype
50
What is the term for the physical location of a gene on a chromosome?
Locus
51
True or False: There are four bases in DNA: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.
True
52
What is the function of the p53 protein?
To regulate the cell cycle and prevent tumor formation
53
What is a pedigree chart used for?
To track inheritance patterns in a family
54
Fill in the blank: The process of converting mRNA into a protein is called _____.
Translation
55
What is the role of the promoter in gene expression?
To initiate transcription
56
What is the function of the spliceosome?
To remove introns from pre-mRNA
57
True or False: Genetic mutations can lead to changes in protein function.
True
58
What is a point mutation?
A change in a single nucleotide in DNA
59
Fill in the blank: The segment of DNA that codes for a protein is called an _____.
Exon
60
What are the three stages of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain
61
What is the primary purpose of fermentation?
To regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis
62
Fill in the blank: The process of converting light energy into chemical energy occurs in the _____.
Chloroplast
63
True or False: ATP is the energy currency of the cell.
True
64
What is the main product of the Krebs cycle?
NADH and FADH2
65
What is the function of the electron transport chain?
To create a proton gradient for ATP production
66
What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?
To act as the final electron acceptor
67
Fill in the blank: The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur in the _____.
Thylakoid membranes
68
What is the main output of the Calvin cycle?
Glucose
69
True or False: Chlorophyll is the pigment that captures light energy in plants.
True
70
What is the primary source of energy for living organisms?
Sunlight

biology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions