Illness & wellness Flashcards
What are the models of health?
- Clinical Model
- Adaptive Model
- Role-performance Model
- Eudaemonistic Model
- Health-Illness Continuum
- Agent-host-environment Model
Clinical Model
Interpretation of one’s health through lack or presence of disease/injury
Role Performance Model
Interpretation of one’s health through their ability to fulfill their roles despite health problems
Adaptive Model
Interprets one’s health through their ability to adapt. Maladaptive = ill
Eudaemonistic Model
The comprehensive view on health that it is determined by a person’s self actualization and quality of life.
Agent-Host-Environment
Factors are constantly interacting with one another. If imbalance occurs, illness arises.
Health Illness Continuum
Measures a person’s perceived level of wellness through a continuum that displays our daily fluctuations in health.
What are the variables influencing health status, beliefs & practices?
- Internal Variables
- Biological dimension ( gender, age, genetics, developmental level, etc…)
- Psychological dimension ( mind-body interactions & self concept )
- Cognitive dimension ( lifestyle choices & spiritual beliefs ) - External Variables
- Physical environment
- Standards of living (income, education, morbidity & mortality, hygiene, food habits, etc…)
- Family & cultural beliefs
- Social support networks
What is a Health Locus of Control model?
It is the beliefs someone has about factors influencing their health status.
What are the types of Health Locus of Control Models?
- Internal Health Locus of Control - The belief that one’s health status is determined by their actions & habits. These individuals tend to uptake responsibility for illnesses.
- External Health Locus of Control - The belief that one’s health status is determined by external factors (family, health care systems, genetics, or luck). These individuals tend to lack responsibility for their own health & well-being.
What are the factors that influence health care adherence?
- Client motivation
- Degree of lifestyle change
- Overall costs of therapy
- Complexity of therapy (duration, side effects, etc..)
- Degree of satisfaction & relationship with the health care providers
- Client’s ability to understand and perform specific actions
- perceived severity of healthcare problem
- value placed on reducing threat of illness
- Degree of inconvenience of illness or health regimens
- Beliefs about regimens working
- Cultural beliefs that support or conflict with regimen.
What are the types of illness?
Illness :
- highly personal state
- only the individual can determine whether they’re ill or not
- their physical, emotional, developmental, social, intellectual, or spiritual functioning is being diminished
- may or may not be related to disease
Disease :
- Alteration in body function
- reduction of capacity or reduction of normal life span
- the study of the causes of diseases is called etiology
Acute illness :
- Characterized by its short-lived symptoms
- may or may not require healthcare professional intervention
-symptoms appear abruptly and subside quickly
Chronic illness :
- slow onset & lasts 6 months or longer
- often has periods of remission & exacerbation
- care includes teaching/promoting the individual’s independence & wellbeing so they can adapt to this physical limitation/discomfort.
What is Remission & Exacerbation?
Remission : The disappearing of symptoms for a short period of time during chronic illness
Exacerbation : The appearing of symptoms for a period of time during chronic illness
What are the four aspects of sick role?
- clients are not responsible for their condition
- clients are excused from certain social roles & tasks
- clients are obligated to try to get well ASAP
- clients are obligated to seek competent help
Suchman’s stages of illness
Stage 1 - symptom experience
stage 2 - assumption of sick role
stage 3 - medical care contact
stage 4 - dependent client role
stage 5 - recovery or rehabilitation
