Illicits Jeopardy Flashcards
Marijuana
most common illicit drug used world wide across all age groups
+UA (until 4 days after)
+genetics –> schizophrenia
Anti-Inflammatory
anti-convulsant
anti-emetic
AE - psychosis, anxiety/panic attacks, amotivation, disorientation, unsteady coordination, altered perceptions, dec consciousness, memory loss
10% become dependent
withdrawal - mild sx
Dronabinol
marinol
synthetic cannabinoid agonist
TX - anorexia, weight loss in AIDS, N/V in chemo
Amotivational syndrome
Marijuana
DEC prosocial goal directed activities that may contribute to poor school or job performance
Varenicline
chantix
smoking cessation
long acting partial agonist a2B2NAR
rare to start smoking after age?
21
nicotine withdrawal
begins within 24hrs
peaks day 2-3 after cessation
last 2-3 weeks
clonidine
smoking cessation
HTN
Tolerance - tobacco
disappearance of nausea/dizzy
Alcohol
female, elderly: social drinker - 1 drink/day
male (
Opioid
type of peptide
mediate alcohol rewarding effects - enhance Dopamine release (midbrain)
Disulfiram
antabuse
inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase –> build up of acetaldehyde –> negative reinforcement of alcohol use
CI - Liver pts
Naltrexone
vivitrol
tx - alcohol dependence (craving)
opioid mu receptor antagonist
monthly depot injection
CI - Liver pts
Acamprosate
campral
prevent relapse
AE - diarrhea
CI - renal pts
inhalants
not detected by standard drug screens
dec use after teen years
Hallucinogen/phenylalkylamines class
mescaline
DOM
MDMA (ecstasy, XTC) - neurotoxic effect
Phencyclidine (PCP)
anesthetic
feelings of separation from mind and body-dissociation
+UA (8 days after)
Vertical/horizontal NYSTAGMUS, diminished responsiveness to pain, violent behavior
inhaled volatile hydrocarbons
glues, fuels, paints
“sudden sniffing death” bc cardiac arrhythmia
Not detected in labs
LSD - lysergic acid diethylamide
hallucinogens - ergoline class
visual hallucination (frightening)
When sober, users of this drug(s) may re-experience geometric visual hallucinations, flashes of color, intensified colors, or misperception of objects being too large or too small
cocaine
most common x ER visits
Quit smoking
sx in 50% of pts
irritability
difficulty concentrating
anxiety
80% attempt to quit
60% relapse within 1 wk
5% (1 in 20) succeed - no relapse
ONE drink
1.5 ounce shot
2-4 ounces wine
12 ounces beer
psychostimulants worsen sx
schizophrenia sx
hallucinations, paranoia
“gateway drugs”
marijuana, alcohol, nicotine
before age 15
problems to later dependence problems
