Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Intro to Forensic Science > Illicit Drugs & Forensic Toxicology > Flashcards

Illicit Drugs & Forensic Toxicology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q
  1. What is the role of a forensic toxicologist?
A

○ Detection
○ Quantification
○ Interpretation of foreign compounds (xenophobics) in forensic samples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  1. What are the classification of drugs?
A

○ Legislation (Schedules)
○ Therapeutic class/actin/receptor : (opiod analgesic, antidepressant, stimulant, B blockers, sedative, etc.)
○ Broad chemical properties: acid (carboxylic acid), vase (amine), polar, non-polar.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How are drugs legally classified?

A

They are classified based on the schedules they fall under

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name and identify each schedule and what they represent?

Schedule 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

A

2 Pharmacy medicine or at licenced dealer: Antihistamine, Paracetamol.
3 Pharmacy ONLY w verbal advise.
Public access without prescription.
4 Doctor’s Prescription ONLY: Antidepressants, codeine, antipsychotic.
5 Caution substances- Low harm potential Requires clear labelling.
6 Poison
7 Dangerous poison
8 Controlled drug- drugs of dependence: Morphine, Oxycodone, Fentanyl, Alprazolam.
9 Prohibited drugs: Heroin, Cocaine, LSD, NPS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q 
Which one is not a prohibited drug?
Heroin,
Cocaine,
LSD, 
NPS,
Morphine
A

Morphine is a controlled drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q 
Which one is not a controlled drug?
Morphine, 
Cocaine,
Oxycodone, 
Fentanyl, 
Alprazolam.
A

Cocaine is a prohibited drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the main issues leading to the regulation and control of therapeutic and illicit drugs?

A

SAFETY
Psychological harm
Physical harm
Personal and societal harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the current drug problems in Australia?

A

*Alcohol 3000 deaths/year.

  • Prescription drug abuse:
  • Benzodiazepines sedative/anti-anxiety:
    - Xanax (Alprazolam)
    - Temazepam
    - Diazepam (Valium)
  • Opiates:
    • morphine
    • Oxycodone
    • Codeine
    • Fentanyl
*Illicit drugs:
• Methamphetamine
• MDMA (ecstasy)
• Cannabis (THC)
• Opiates (heroin)
• New psychoactive substances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which one does not apply for a prescription drug abuse?

  • Benzodiazepines sedative/anti-anxiety:
    - Xanax (Alprazolam)
    - Temazepam
    - Diazepam (Valium)
  • Opiates:
    • morphine
    • Oxycodone
    • Codeine
    • Fentanyl
    • Heroin
A
  • Heroin is a prohibited drug
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
What are Analgesic drugs? select the incorrect one.
Codeine
Fentanyl
Hydrocodone
Cannabis
Meperidine
A

Cannabis is illicit drug- gives pleasure and CNS depressant- slows down brain activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. What is the difference between a pharmacologist and an analytical toxicologist?
A

○ Pharmacologist: Provides opinions on effects and interactions of the drugs.
○ Analytical toxicologist: Has a more general interpretation and literature value of the drug.

Pharmacology is the scientific discipline that studies the mechanisms by which drugs alter biological systems in an attempt to improve health and alleviate disease, whereas

Toxicology is the study of mechanisms by which drugs and chemicals in the environment produce unwanted effects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the different work types that use biological samples?

A

Police samples
Coronial
Traffic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. What is the extraction methods for analysing and detecting drugs?
A

Sample Prep:
• Solid phase Extraction e.g. morphine.
• Liquid-liquid extraction- eg common basic drugs
• Protein Precipitation- eg alcohol.

Analysis Instrumentation:
• Chromatography: Separates mixtures into components.
• Mass Spectrometry: Measures & identifies each component.
*Ensures:
•unequivocal identification
•accurate quantification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is Chromatography used in?

A

In analyzing compounds- Separates mixtures into components.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is Mass spectrometry used in?

A

In Analysing compounds- Measures & IDENTIFIES each component.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What makes opiates different to opioids?

A

opiates occur naturally from the poppy plant.

opioids are synthetic

17
Q
  1. How are drugs classified? (how they are made)
A
  1. Naturally occurring : Found in nature in plants. Part of the plant is ingested.
    - Marihuana
    - Psychotic mushrooms
    - Peyote cactus.
  2. Plant extract : Naturally occurring substance extracted from plants then ingested.
    - Cocaine (coca plant)
    - Morphine and codeine (opium poppy).
  3. Semisynthetic : Derived chemically from a naturally occurring substance.
    - Heroine (manufactured from morphine)
    - LSD (From lysergic acid)
  4. Synthetic : Completely man made
    - Amphetamines
    - Barbiturates
    - PCP
    - Oxycodone
18
Q

Another way drugs can be classified?

A

Acidic, Basic or Neutral.

  1. Acidic : They attract hydroxide ions leaving behind excess hydrogen ions.
    • Barbiturates
  2. Basic : When dissolved in water or aqueous solvent, it attracts H+ from the solvent leaving OH− behind.
    - Cocaine
  3. Neutral : Caffeine , Sugars and carbohydrates
19
Q
  1. What are the 4 classifications of ILLICIT drugs and can you describe them?
A
  1. Stimulants : Drugs that elevates one’s mood - -
    • Amphetamines
      • Cocaine.
  2. Depressants : Illicit substances that causes depressive moods
    - Benzodiazephines.
  3. Narcotic : Relieve pain and cause sleep.
    Narcotics derived from Opium:
    - Heroin (natural)
    - Codeine
    Synthetic narcotics:
    - Oxycontin.
  4. Hallucinogens : These fall into a number of classes based on their chemical structure of the psychoactive substance:
    - LSD
    - Marihuana
    - Peyote cactus.
20
Q
  1. What is the liquid extraction phase?
A

o It is the separation of 2 or more solvents using 2 solvents

21
Q
  1. What is solid phase extraction?
A

o The process of absorbing the target material through the surface of a solid absorbing material.

22
Q
  1. How is chromatography used in forensic science
A

o It is used as evidence is (often) never in its pure form.

o Chromatography allows it to separate the target material from other substances through separation.

23
Q

Schedule 8 Controlled Substances, example of drugs in this category

A

Morphine, Codeine, Oxycodone, Fentanyl, Alprazolam.

24
Q

Schedule 9 Prohibited substances, example of drugs in this category

A 
Heroin, 
Meth, 
Cocaine, 
LSD, 
NPS, 
MDMA (ecstacy)
Cannabis

Intro to Forensic Science (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions