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5. Church History, Ordination > III. People > Flashcards

III. People Flashcards

Know date, brief description and/or key work. Match each of 32 people with his time, nationality, ecclesiastical or theological affiliation, and an identifying work or writing. He must then select 4 (at least a century apart) and briefly explain the significance of each for the Church today.

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1
Q

Blaise Pascal

A
  • 1623-1662
  • French
  • realted multiple disciplines to Bible
  • Provincial Letters against the Jesuits with satire
  • His Wager in Pensees

Part of the defense of the relationship between science and in the end of the 19 Century when sicence and christianity were put into opposition. Wager shows how logic and probability not at work–motivation of sin

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2
Q

Martin Luther

A
  • 1483-1546
  • German leader of the Protestant Reformation
  • 95 Theses
  • Bondage of the Will (against Free will of Erasmus and predestination of Erasmus)
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3
Q

John Calvin

A
  • 1509-1564
  • French Reformer
  • Institutes of Christian Religion - systematic theology and theological compendium that became basis for Reformed Protestantism.
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4
Q

Origen

A
  • 185-254
  • Alexandria
  • Apostolic Father
  • On the First Principles (first systematic Christian theology), Against Celsus (apologetic showing compatibility with Platonism)

asceticism inspired monasticism, randsom theory of atonement,

Contra celsus is one of the greatest apologetics of antiquity–elevating the academic standard of Chrstianity

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5
Q

Oliver Cromwell

A
  • 1599-1658
  • English Parliamentarian and Lord and Protector of Commonwealth of Eng, Scotm and Ireland during Republic Commonwealth, leader of English civil war
  • He set up a military dictatorship through the Rump Parliament. Supported Congregationalism When Charles II was restored, the king set up Episcopalianism.
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6
Q

Thomas Bradwardine

A
  • 1290-1349
  • English, Archbishop of Cantebruy and Profound Doctor
  • The Cause of God against the Pelagians, encouaged the sovereignty of God along Augustine and Paul, and picked up by reformers
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7
Q

William Ames

A
  • 1576-1633
  • English
  • Medulla Theological–New England textbook of theology, calvinist Arminian controversy
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8
Q

Ulrich Zwingli

A
  • 1484-1531
  • Swiss Reformer
  • against Lutheran view of Eucharist
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9
Q

Philip Melanchthon

A
  • 1497-1560
  • German Lutheran reformer
  • Lutheran Systematic theologian of Prot Reform
  • Loci Communes
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10
Q

William Tyndale

A
  • 1492-1536
  • English
  • martyred translator of Greek NT into English
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11
Q

Abraham Kuyper

A
  • 1837-1920
  • Dutch Prime Minister
  • Founder of the Free University of Amsterdam
  • Neo-Calvinist and transformation of culture

One of the first theologians to think about how the church should respond to modern life. Spheres of independence–power districbuted even to different spheres, not just invested in the state.

Christian express theoir uniqueness in every sphere.

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12
Q

Loyola Ignatius

A
  • 1491-1556
  • Spanish
  • Founder of Jesuit religious order

Jesuits were a responsive and active body, particulalry in missions, education. Largest catholic religious order. Helped do mission during the counter reformation and win back protestant converts

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13
Q

Robert Bellarmine

A
  • 1542-1621
  • Italian
  • leader of Counter Reformation
  • Marian theologian, anti-protestant controversialist

One of the first and most capable apogist for the rc church against refomders

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14
Q

Jan Huss

A
  • 1373-1415
  • Czech preacher, reformer, martyr,
  • Hussitism and Bohemian Reformation,
  • predecessor to Protestantism

Attacked indulgences and the corruption of the pope in favor ot Scriptural authroity. Depended upon Wycliffe’s teachigns and scrioture

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15
Q

Moses Amyrald

A
  • 1596-1664
  • French
  • inventor of Amryaldism or 4 point Calvinism, whereby God decreed Atonement universally and then elected who saved

Attempt for french to be flexible in the time of reformation’s decline

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16
Q

Columba

A
  • 521-597
  • Irish evangelist to Scotland

Scoland would be the nation of presbyetrianism

17
Q

Roger Williams

A
  • 1603-1683
  • English
  • founded RI
  • The Bloudy Tenant of Persecution for cause of Conscience argued separation of church and state based upon liberty of conscience

Precursor to separation of church and state

18
Q

Polycarp

A
  • 69-157
  • Symrna
  • Disciple of John and Apostolic Father Letter to Philippians and Martyrdon of Polycarp,
  • Against Marcion

Started the tradition of suffering for the faith and martyrdom that would characterize the early church

19
Q

Karl Rahner

A
  • 1904-1984
  • German
  • Jesuit Roman Catholic
  • Transcendental Christology that opens up salvation to all people and allows them to access grace through any religion–> moves towards universalism

Catholic Barth?

20
Q

Matthew Tindal

A
  • 1657-1733
  • Englist Deist during Enlightenment wtoe Christianity as Old as Creation
    • Deism as a new competition against orthodoxy
  • Concepts spread to unitarianism
  • Reject revelation for reason and observation
21
Q

Cornelius Van Til

A
  • 1895-1987
  • Dutch American creator of presuppositional apologetics and opponent of Barth
22
Q

John Wesley

A
  • 1703-1791
  • English revival leader who started Methodism and Wesleyan Arminianism (possibility of Apostasy–but not final, Chrisitan perfection)

Created meothodism which became the largest denomination and source of arminian theology in america throughout western expansion

23
Q

Rudolf Bultmann

A
  • 1884-1976
  • German Lutheran Form critic
  • Demythologization to find the kerygma–the preaching of Jesus not historicity

Not liberal but existential, dialectical

24
Q

William Carey

A
  • 1761-1834
  • British
  • baptist preacher and founder of modern missions and Baptist Missionary Society
  • essay An Inquiry into the Obligations of Christians to uses means of conversion of the Heathen

Embraced, culture, literature, and laguage of the people. In india fought Sati

25
Q

Lewis Sperry Chafer

A
  • 1871-1952
  • First president of Dallas Theological and founder of modern dispensationalism
  • wrote systematic theology
26
Q

Charles Haddon Spurgeon

A
  • 1834-1892
  • English
  • Prince of Preachers at Metropolitan Tabernacle
  • Downgrade Controversy (fall of Baptist Union into evolution and higher criticism)
27
Q

Menno Simons

A
  • 1496-1561
  • Netherlands/Dutch
  • influential anabaptist
  • led to the Mennonites (Radical Reformation communitarian sect)
28
Q

William Ellery Channing

A
  • 1780-1842
  • USA developed philo and theo of Unitarianism.

Non-socianian arianism–never fully defeated ariansim

29
Q

Albert Schweitzer

A
  • 1875-1965
  • Quest for the Historical Jesus
  • French then German
  • While critical of the overall movement he depicts Jesus as a megalomanic who mistakenly thought himself Lord and was crushed by the wheels of the world
30
Q

George Whitfield

A
  • 1714-1770
  • English Anglican
  • founder of methodism and leader in Great Awakening
31
Q

Charles Fuller

A
  • 1887-1968
  • American Baptist Radio Evangelist
  • Old fashioned Revival Hour
  • founder of Fuller Theo Seminary
  • language of “personal Saviour”
32
Q

Cotton Mather

A
  • 1663-1728
  • Magalia Christi Americana–Puritan telling of New England Settlement, also Salem Witch Trials
33
Q

C. S. Lewis

A
  • 1898-1963
  • British Academic and lay theologian
  • Mere Christinaity–apology to the skeptic
34
Q

Francis Turretin

A
  • 1623-1687,
  • Genevan Italian,
  • Reformed Scholastic of orthodox Calvinists,
  • Elenctic Theology,
  • textbook of Reformed Theology in Princeton.
35
Q

Augustine of Hippo

A
  • 354-430
  • Roman African
  • Confessions (Total depravity) and The City of God, against Pelgianism (that moral ability is unhindered)
36
Q

Athanasius

A
  • 373
  • Egyptian
  • Chief defender of Trinity against Arianism in Nicea(jesus is son of God begotten in time) Homoorsian not homoiousion
37
Q

John Chrysostom

A
  • 407
  • Antioch
  • ascetisic and hermit
  • Homilies - more literal than Alexandrian
38
Q

Pelagius

A
  • 360-418
  • British
  • denied original sin and believed still capable of good works (freedom of the will)
39
Q

Count Zinzendorf

A
  • 1700-1760
  • German
  • founder of the Moravian church (from Hussite/Bohemian Revolution) and leader of first large scale Protestant missionary movement

5. Church History, Ordination (8 decks)

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