Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology Flashcards > II - Acute and Chronic Inflammation > Flashcards

II - Acute and Chronic Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

Pathology Flashcards

It is a protective response intended to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury as well as the necrotic cells and tissues resulting from the original insult.

A

Inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.31

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Inflammation which is characterized by plasma protein exudation and a predominantly neutrophilic leukocyte accumulation.

A

Acute inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Inflammation typified by influx of lymphocytes and macrophages associated with vascular proliferation and fibrosis.

A

Chronic inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Five cardinal signs of inflammation?

A

Heat (calor)redness (rubor)swelling (tumor)pain (dolor)loss of function (functio laesa)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Initial vascular response to injury?

A

Vasoconstriction.(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.33

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pathology Flashcards

An ultrafiltrate of blood which contains little protein. Results from arteriolar vasodilation and increased blood flow.

A

Transudate(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.34

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Results from increased vascular permeability, leading to leakage of protein into tissues.

A

Exudate(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.34

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Fluid accumulation in extravascular space.

A

Edema(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.34

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pathology Flashcards

State the molecule in the endothelium responsible for this stage of vascular inflammatory response:Rolling

A

Selectins(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.36

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pathology Flashcards

State the molecule in the lymphocyte responsible for this stage of vascular inflammatory response:Firm adhesion

A

Integrins(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.37

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pathology Flashcards

State the molecule in the endothelium responsible for this stage of vascular inflammatory response:Transmigration

A

PECAM-1/CD 31(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.37

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pathology Flashcards

State the endothelial adhesion molecule responsible for this stage of vascular inflammatory response:Intercellular adhesion

A

ICAM -1(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.37

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pathology Flashcards

State the lymphocytic adhesion molecule counterpart of the following endothelial receptors:E-Selectin

A

Sialyl-Lewis X modified glycoprotein(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.36

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pathology Flashcards

State the lymphocytic adhesion molecule counterpart of the following endothelial receptors:P-Selectin

A

Sialyl-Lewis X-Modified glycoprotein(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.36

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pathology Flashcards

State the lymphocytic adhesion molecule counterpart of the following endothelial receptors:ICAM-1

A

Integrins(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.37

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pathology Flashcards

State the lymphocytic adhesion molecule counterpart of the following endothelial receptors:CD-31

A

CD-31(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.37

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pathology Flashcards

The process of luekocyte accumulation at the periphery of blood vessels is called ______.

A

Margination(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.36

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Arrange the following steps in the inflammatory response:A. Recruitment of leukocytesB. Regulation of responseC. Recognition of injurious agentD. Removal of agentE. Resolution

A

C, A, D, B, E(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Arrage the steps in leukocyte recruitment:A. TransmigrationB. Rolling C. MarginationD. Firm adhesion

A

C, B, D, A(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Process of coating microorganisms with proteins that facilitate phagocytosis.

A

Opsonization(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.38

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pathology Flashcards

A lymphocyte with ingested microorganism fused with lysosome is called _______.

A

Phagolysosome(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.39

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pathology Flashcards

The most important lysosomal enzyme involved in bacterial killing.

A

Elastase(TOPNOTCH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Process of leukocyte migration toward sites of infection or injury along a chemical gradient.

A

Chemotaxis(TOPNOTCH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Pathology Flashcards

The most important lysosomal enzyme involved in bacterial killing.

A

Elastase(TOPNOTCH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Pathology Flashcards

A peptide Leukocyte granule constituent which kills microbes by creating holes in their membranes.

A

Defensins(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Predominant form of leukocyte during the first 6 - 24 hours of inflammation?

A

Neutrophils(TOPNOTCH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Predominant form of leukocyte during 24-48 hrs after the onset of inflammation?

A

Monocytes(TOPNOTCH)

28
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Substances responsible for leukocyte-induced tissue injury?

A

Lysosomal enzymes, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.(TOPNOTCH)

29
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Defective synthesis of CD 18 B-subunit of leukocyte integrins LFA-1 and Mac-1 leading to impaired leukocyte adhesion and migration through endothelium.

A

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.41

30
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Caused by a defect in fucose metabolism resulting in absence of sialyl-lewis X, the oligosaccharide on leukocytes that binds to selectins on activated endothelium.

A

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 2(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.41

31
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Results from a defect in the protein involved in membrane docking and fusion.

A

Chediak-Higashi syndrome(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.41

32
Q

Pathology Flashcards

NADPH deficiency or defect resulting in decreased oxidative burst.

A

Chronic Granulomatous Disease(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.42

33
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Type of acute inflammation characterized by the outpouring of watery, relatively protein-poor fluid derived from the serum or endothelial lining of peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities.

A

Serous inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.43

34
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Fluid in a serous cavity is called ______.

A

Effusion(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.43

35
Q

Pathology Flashcards

This type of inflmmation results from greater vascular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass the endothelial barrier.

A

Fibrinous inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.44

36
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Histologically, appears as an eosinophilic meshwork of threads or sometimes an amorphous coagulum.

A

Fibrinous inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.44

37
Q

Pathology Flashcards

This type of inflammation is manifested by the presence of large amounts of purulent exudate consisting of neutrophils, necrotic cells, and edema fluid.

A

Suppurative (purulent) inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.44

38
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Focal collections of pus that may be caused by seeding pyogenic organisms into a tissue or by secondary infections of necrotic foci.

A

Abscess(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.44

39
Q

Pathology Flashcards

It is an excavation of the surface of an organ or tissue that is produced by necrosis of cells and sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue.

A

Ulcer(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.44

40
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Vasoactive amines that are preformed molecules in secretory granules of mast cells, basophils and platelets.

A

Serotonin, Histamine(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.46

41
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Complement fragments which are anaphylotoxins.

A

C3a, C5a (A for anaphylotoxin)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.46

42
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Complement fragment which aids in opsonization.

A

C3b (b for binding)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.46

43
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Membrane attack complex

A

C5b, C6-9(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.46

44
Q

Pathology Flashcards

It is the cytolytic endproduct of the complement cascade, which forms a transmembrane channel causing osmotic lysis of target cells.

A

Membrane attack complex (C5b,C6-9)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.46

45
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Enzyme blocked by NSAIDS.

A

Cyclooxygenase 1 and 2(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.47

46
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Enzyme inhibited by glucocorticoids

A

Phospholipase A2(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.47

47
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Polypeptide products of many cell types that function as mediators of inflammation and immune response.

A

Cytokines(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.48

48
Q

Pathology Flashcards

They are a family of small structurally related proteins that act primarily as chemoattractants for different subsets of leukocytes.

A

Chemokines(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.48

49
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Major cytokines in acute inflmmation.

A

TNF and IL-1(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.48

50
Q

Pathology Flashcards

A short-lived, soluble, free-radical gas produced by endothelial cells causing smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation.

A

Nitric oxide(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.49

51
Q

Pathology Flashcards

This component of the coagulation cascade initiates four systems involved in the inflammatory response, namely the kinin, clotting, fibrinolytic and complement systems.

A

Activated Hageman Factor / Factor XIIa(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.52

52
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Inflammation characterized by infiltration with mononuclear cells, tissue destruction and repair involving angiogenesis and fibrosis.

A

Chronic Inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.53

53
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Macrophages in the liver

A

Kupffer cells(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.54

54
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Macrophages in the spleen and lymph nodes

A

Sinus histiocytes(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.54

55
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Macrophages in the CNS

A

Microglial cells(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.54

56
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Macrophages in the lungs

A

Alveolar Macrophages(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.54

57
Q

Pathology Flashcards

A focus of epiheloid cells, rimmed by fibroblasts, lymphocytes, histiocytes, occasional giant cells.

A

Noncaseating tubercle, Tuberculosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

58
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Central amorphous granular debris, loss of all cellular detail, acid-fast bacilli

A

Caseating tuberculosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

59
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Acid-fast bacilli in macrophages, noncaseating granulomas

A

Leprosy(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

60
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Microscopic to visible lesion, enclosing wall of histiocytes, plasma cell infiltrates, necrotic central cells without loss of cellulr outline

A

Gumma (Syphilis)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

61
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Rounded or stellate granuloma containing central granular debris and recognizable neutrophils, giant cells uncommon.

A

Cat-scratch Disease(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

62
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Noncaseating granulomas with abundant activated macrophages

A

Sarcoidosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

63
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Occasional noncaseating granulomas in intestinal walls, with dense chronic inflammatory infiltrate

A

Chron disease(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

64
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Cells with pink, granular cytoplasm with indistinct boundaries.

A

Epitheloid cells(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

65
Q

Pathology Flashcards

40-50 um in size, consisting of a large mass of cytoplasm and many nuclei.

A

Giant cells(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

66
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Necrotic material which appears amorphous, structureless, granular debris, with complete loss of cellular details.

A

Caseous necrosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.56

67
Q

Pathology Flashcards

Cytokines which stimulate prostaglandins in the hypothalamus, producing fever.

A

TNF, IL-1(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.57

Pathology Flashcards (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions