IHC Flashcards
Name two pan-endothelial markers?
CD31 and CD34
Which markers are used as endothelial markers?
vWF, CD31 and CD34
What is endoglin a marker of?
Proliferating vascular endothelial cells
Which are the markers of malingant melanoma?
Melan A, tyrosinase, PNL2 and S-100/ alternative PLN2, melan A, TRP-1 or 2
What would you use CD30 as a marker for?
Aplastic lymphoma
Which stains could you use to identify a non-granular MCT?
vimentin, tryptase, CD117 (KIT)
Other you could potentially use include chymase, MCP-1, IL-8
Which markers are diagnostic for a pleomorphic sarcoma (malignt fibrous histiocytoma?
Positiv: lysozme, MHC 2, desmin, vimentin
Negativ: S-100, CD18
Which markers can be used to identify a perivascular wall tumor?
Positiv: calponin, pan actin, smooth muscle actin (50%)
Negative: S-100, NSE, GFAP, myoglobin
Which markers can be used to diagnose peripheral nerve sheet tumour?
Positiv: NSE, S-100, neurofilament, NGFR, myoglobin, GFAP
Which markers can identfy a liposarcoma?
MDM2, CDK4,
Which markers can identify a rabdomyeosarcoma?
Vimentin, desmin, myoglobin, myoD1, Myogenin
Which markers can be used to identify a lymphangiosarcoma?
PROX-1, factor 8 related antigen, LYVE-1
Whats your diagnosis: desmin, lysozyme and vimentin positiv, S-100 negative
Pleomorphic sarcoma (malignant fibrous histiocytoma)
Whats your diagnosis: Calponin, smooth muscle actin positive, NSE and GFAP negative
Perivascular wall tumour
Which markers have been investigated for aiding in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma in dogs?
The expression pattern of Claudin 4 and 5;
- Loss of 4 seen in poorly differentiated exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma
- Both well and poorly differentiated pancreatic carcinomas lose expression of Claudin 5.
Which IHC markes can be used to differentiate a leiomyosarcoma from GIST?
GISTs are positive for vimentin c-KIT (CD117) and DOG-1, while leiomyosarcomas will be positiv for smooth muscle actin and desmin
Which IHC marker can aid in differentiation between well-differentiated, scirrhous and poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas?
Keratin-19, high expression = undifferentiated tumor
Which markers can be used to diagnose a carcinoid?
These cells arise from the diffuse endocrine system, enterochromaffin cells; IHC for cytokeratin, and secretory substances such as serotonin may be positive.
Which markers can be used for the diagnosis of perianal adenomas and adenocarcinomas?
IHC with monoclonal antibodies against carcinoma-associated antigens 4A9, 1A10, PNCA and Ki67 may help differentiate between adenoma and adenocarcinoma. Cytokeratin pattern can help differentiate from ASAC. BUT clinical validation is needed to confirm the utility of these IHC approaches.
Which IHC pattern could be used if needed to obtain a diagnosis of ASAC?
cytokeratin CK7+/CK14-
What would be the most likely diagnosis of a CD18 and CD204 positive pulmonary tumour?
Histiocytic sarcoma
Ovarian epithelial tumours regularly express;
cytokeratin AE1/AE3, vimentin and desmin, HBME-1
variable COX-2 and endothelin-1
papillary adenocarcinoma can also be PLAP and CK7 positive
Name the most sensitive and specific marker for granulosa-theca cell tumor?
Inhibin-alpha (epithelial tumours should not express this)
For which tumour can Hector Battifora mesothelial epitope IHC be used to obtain diagnosis?
Epithelial ovarian tumours (mainly used in humans, but one paper in canines suggesting similar value in dogs)