IFR TAKEOFF AND LANDING DISTANCES

Question 1

STOPWAY

Answer 1

*Cheverons on either end of runway in which the airplane can be stopped in the case of an abandoned takeoff.
*A stopway must have a surface similar to that of the runway itself, and therefore a similar coefficient of friction.
*Most commonly stopways are made from cellular cement blocks that are crushable under aircraft weight.
*Of course, it must also have some load bearing capacity to let the aircraft slow down and not get stuck completely

Question 2

CLEARWAY

Answer 2

● A clearway is a defined rectangular area on the ground or water, selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aeroplane may make a portion of its initial climb
● Clearways do not have to be a load bearing surface.
● However, they do have to supply enough distance for the aircraft to clear a 35 foot obstacle at the end of them!
● A clearway cannot slope uphill from the runway by more than 1.25%.
● A clearway will also be wider than the runway itself. This is because they are designed with engine out directional control and obstacle clearance in mind
*The total distance of a clearway must also lie within the airport’s boundaries
- stopway is in clearway

Question 3

Distances

Answer 3

TORA
*Take-off run available.
*The length of the runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of the aircraft taking-off

TODA
*Take-off distance available.
*The length of the take-off run available plus the length of the clearway, if provided

ASDA
*Accelerate-stop distance available.
*The length of the take-off run available plus the length of the stopway, if available

LDA
*Landing distance available.
*The length of the runway which is declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landing

Question 4

more

Answer 4

CAP Declared distances
*In the CAP, each airport has an Aerodrome Chart. Near the top of the chart is a table of declared distances
*The TORA will match the runway length in the CFS

Balanced Field Length
*This is where the Accelerate-Stop distance and the Accelerate-Go distance is equal.
● Stopways can be used when calculating the balanced field length—basically, this would be the ASDA

• IFR obstacle clearance 1000’ within 5nm
• MOCA provides 1000’

Decision height
- if no visual reference to runway, overshoot (missed approach procedure)

Non-precision approach
- must wait for MDA until reaching missed approach point MAP to conduct missed. MAP could be anything.

Approach ban
- rvr A only: 1200
- rvr ab: 1200/600
- rvr b: 1200