IDTC Flashcards
what is freehand sketching
Is used to transfer the idea of an engineer’s abstract world to the
real world in 2D and 3D.
- It is used for daily communication in the engineering world as
drawing is the international language of engineering.
- is such a drawing which is drawn without measuring instruments.
enumerate the freehand sketching tools
pencil
eraser
paper
comes in many different hardnesses; the harder the lead, the lighter and crisper the line.
pencils
used to correct mistakes in a line, not to make changes in a design.
Eraser
enumerate the four mature grips
Lateral Tripod
Dynamic tripod
Lateral Quadrupod
Dynamic Quadrupod
the thumb and forefinger act like pincers, gripping the barrel of the pencil near its tip.
dynamic tripod
the thumb and the first three fingers are used to grip the
pencil. Only the pinky finger and the outside portion of the hand provide stability. The
thumb doesn’t cross over. It assists the other three fingers in directing the pencil.
dynamic Quadrupod
the thumb wraps across the
barrel of the pencil, and the pencil rests on the top of the
ring finger. The fingers work together to direct the pencil,
and the thumb acts primarily to hold the pencil in place against the
forefinger.
lateral quadrupod
The second most common grip pattern involves the
thumb and first two fingers, like the dynamic tripod. The
difference is that the thumb crosses the barrel of the pencil,
clamping it to the forefinger.
lateral tripod
most important part of free hand drawing as sketching
line
4 types of line
vertical
horizontal
oblique
circle
a common shape in technical drawings.
Rectangles
is the process of creating illustrations with letters, numbers, or any type of character or phrase.
lettering
was the hand used in the Middle Ages by the
church, at the time the undisputed center of learning and scholarship.
Blackletter (old english)
known as Round Hand, or Spencerian Script, was perfected by European penmen and engravers during the 17th and 18th centuries. It is slanted at 55° to the base, it may vary but not less than 50°.
Copperplate,
A greek word that means beautiful writing or penmanship.
“kalligraphia”
any calligraphy style that
does not follow the fundamental rules of
traditional calligraphy scripts such as Copperplate, Spencerian, Italic, Blackletter, etc.
Modern calligraphy
enumerate the 7 shading techniques
Hatching/Parallel Hatching
Cross Hatching
Scribbling/Doodle
Stippling
Tick Hatching
Woven Hatching
Contour Hatching
This can be considered the most basic of all of the shading techniques included
here. It involves creating groups or patterns of parallel lines.
Hatching/Parallel Hatching
is like taking parallel hatching to the next level. You create a first layer of parallel lines (in
any direction) and a second layer of lines is drawn on top in a perpendicular or nearly perpendicular manner.
Cross Hatching
an excellent technique to use when drawing specific subjects like trees or hair because it is
not only creates values, but also transmits a sense of texture.
Scribbling/Doodle
tone and texture is built up by applying dots in different densities. This technique takes time and you have to make sure that you don’t start creating lines instead of dots.
Stippling
This method is similar to stippling but instead of making
dots, you make short lines. In darker areas, lines are
placed in an overlapped manner.
Tick Hatching
leads to a very interesting outcome when done correctly. This technique involves creating sets of short(er) parallel lines in one direction and then placing another group of parallel lines next to it in perpendicular or near-perpendicular directions.
Woven Hatching
This technique involves using lines that follow the curves or lines of the initial contour/outline drawing.
Contour Hatching
enumerate the essential steps to achieving successful shading
- Make sure you select a good photographic reference
- Create a light pencil sketch including only outlines of shapes
- Take a moment to observe the reference picture and answer the following questions:
- Start developing those values!
- Consistency is key
