Ideology of rulers: Khrushchev Flashcards
What is meant by collective leadership?
The view that power should be placed in the hands of a collection of individuals.
Why was collective leadership initially hard to achieve?
-Conflict between Malenkov and Khrushchev,
-M- advocated consumerism and westernisation
What did Khrushchev use an alternative to collective leadership?
-The Virgin land campagins
What benefits did Khrushchev believe that the virgin lands campaign would bring?
-solve the most pressing problems
-lead to greater internal wealth and stablity
In what year was Malenkov forced to resign by Khrushchev?
1955
In what year were the virgin land campaigns established?
1954
What was Malenkov demoted to?
Minister for power stations.
Who was also executed? (B)
Beria.
Why was Khrushchev keen to move away from extreme repression and Stalinism?
-Tarnishing the USSR’s reputation abroad.
-People would be welcoming toward change.
When did the Stalin denunciations begin?
1956.
4 criticisms made my Khrushchev in the secret speech?
-Lenin never accepted him as leaders
-Created a state that was unprepared for military conflict in 1941.
-Unforgiveable crimes against the people.
-Misdemeanours against outsiders.
What is an example of a misdemeanour of an outsider committed by Stalin?
-assassination of Hungarian revolutionary Bela Kun.
What did the secret speech cause?
-An outcry amongst senior party members.
What was meant by the Anti party group?
-opposed Khrushchev
-abolish first secretety of party to remove Khrushchev’s power base.
How did Khrushchev deal with Molotov, Malenkov and Kagonovich?
-Said what they were trying to do would change the party’s organisational structure and therefore is illegal.
Who were the chief protagonists of the anti-party group?
-Molotov
-Malenkov
-Kagonovich
What were the key-features of de-stalinisation?
-The release of political prisoners from labour camps.
-Relaxation of censorship
-Erosion of the legacy of a cult of personality.
What did the relaxation of censorship result in?
-publication of articles and novels criticising Stalin
-including work of Pasternak.
How was the legacy of the removal of the cult of personality done?
-pictures and statutes of Stalin taken down.
-Stalingrad renamed Volgograd.
-Stalin’s body removed from the Lenin mausoleum.
What was the general reaction to destalinisation?
-strikes/ riots and protests especially from Poland and Hungry.
General overview of Khrushchev’s ideology?
-resisted violence to deal with unrest- used MVD.
-Dismissed rebellious politicians
-Force when necessary-1956 tanks to supress Nagi regime.
Who is Khrushchev arguably the most like?
Alexander II.
